Cerebral Blood Supply and Clinical Correlates Flashcards
What is the function of the Frontal Lobe?
- Cognitive function
- Movement control (primary motor cortex)
- motor programming of speech (Broca’s area)
what are some of the functions of the Parietal lobe?
- major sensory center
- somatosensory integration (temperature, taste, touch and movement)
- Language comprehension (Wenicke’s area)
what are the main functions of the temporal lobe?
- memory center
- auditory center
- taste, sound, sight and touch integration
what is the main function of the occipital lobe?
primary visual center
from most lateral to most medial, what body structures are somatopically mapped at the precentral gyrus?
- Mouth
- swallowing
- tongue
- jaw
- lips
- Face
- HAND
- arm
- Trunk
- Lower extremity
what body structure would you expect to see somatopically mapped in the longitudinal fissure of the precentral gyrus?
(between L and R sides)
hip, knee, ankle and toes
from most lateral to most medial, describe where body structures are represented somatopically at the postcentral gyrus
most laterally to medially
- intra-abdominal
- phayrnx
- mouth
- Face
- Arm
- Trunk
- Leg (at the top)
what arteries make up the anterior circulation of the brain?
- Internal carotid arteries
- Anterior Cerebral arteries
- Middle Cerebral arteries
What arteries make up the posterior circulation of the brain?
- Vertebral arteries
- Posterior and Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Arteries
- Basilar artery
- Pontine arteries
- superior cerebellar arteries
- Posterior Cerebral artery
What are the 3 major arteries that supply our cerebrum?
- Anterior Cerebral artery
- Middle Cerebral artery
- Posterior Cerebral artery
What areas of the brain are perfused by the anterior cerebral artery?
- anterior and medial surface of the brain
- from frontal lobe to anterior parietal lobe
- subcortical structures
- basal ganglia (anterior internal capsule, inferior caudate nucleus),
- anterior fornix
- corpus callosum
What are the functions of the areas perfused by the anterior cerebral artery?
- frontal lobe → cognitive and motor functions
- parietal lobe → sensory center
- corpus callosum → two way highway that allows hemispheres to communicate
what are some signs and symptoms of a stroke involving the Anterior Cerebral Artery?
- contralateral hemiparesis or hemiplegia
- contralateral hemisensory loss
- apraxia
- problems w/bimanual tasks
- sig. cognitive deficits
- lack of spontaneity, motor inaction, slowness and delay
- difficulty with executive function tasks
- transcoritical aphasia
- contralateral grasp reflex
- Alien Hand syndrome
- Urinary incontience
what is contralaleral hemiparesis or hemipelgia?
what brain structures are involved?
- weakness effecting one side of the body
- motor cortex (frontal lobe)
what is apraxia? what brain structures are involved with it?
- motor agnosia → knowledge of how to perform a skilled movement is lost
- supplementary motor area and corpus callosum
An ACA stroke involving the pre-frontal cortex will include what symptoms?
- lack of spontaneity
- motor inaction
- slowness and delay
- difficulties with executive function tasks (attention)
what is transcortical aphasia and what brain structures does it involve?
- aphasia → loss of ability to produce or understand speech
- this doesn’t tend to be as severe as Broac’s apahsia (motor) in that they can function a bit better
- supplementay motor area (dominant hemisphere)
what area’s/structures of the brain are involved in the contralateral grasp reflex (sucking reflex)?
No well understood
maybe corpus callosum and frontal lobe?
what is alien hand syndrome and what regions of the brain are involved with it?
- involuntary, uncontrollable movement of the upper limb
- supplemental motor area