cerebellar dysfx

Question 1

cerebellar dx

Answer 1

MRI

Question 2

alcoholic ataxia s/s

Answer 2

Wide-footed, unsteady gait
Dysarthria
Clumsiness of their hands
Diplopia, saccades
Peripheral neuropathy – thorough sensory exam!

Not unlike other cerebellar pathology, but symptoms often much more pronounced

Question 3

Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome

Answer 3

Chronic alcohol use  Thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency

Question 4

wernicke-korsakoff syndrome s/s
korsakoffs psychosis
wernickes encephalitis

Answer 4

Korsakoff’s Psychosis
Severe impairments in immediate recall
Anterograde or retrograde amnesia
Disorientation
Emotional changes
Confabulation
Wernicke’s Encephalitis
Confusion
Ataxia
Ophthalmoplegia
Anisocoria – unequal pupil sizes
Nystagmus

Question 5

chiari malformation what is it

Answer 5

Congenital condition in which structural abnormalities lead to herniation of cerebellum through foramen magnum, compressing involved structures.

Question 6

types chari malformation

Answer 6

Type I: Symptoms appear in adolescence or adulthood
Type II: Symptoms appear in childhood, more severe than Type I
Type III: Rare, most severe, seen in babies

Question 7

chari malformation s/s

Answer 7

Symptoms (can be asymptomatic!): Neck pain, occipital headache, hearing or balance problems, dizziness, vomiting, tinnitus, incoordination

Question 8

tx chari malform

Answer 8

Treatment:
Asymptomatic: Monitor
Symptomatic: Surgery (Posterior fossa decompression)

Question 9

hereditary ataxia - friedreichs ataxia - what is it

Answer 9

Degeneration of spinal and peripheral nerves, cerebellum

Question 10

s/s friedreichs ataxia

Answer 10

Symptom onset in typically in childhood, latest mid-twenties
Signs and symptoms are progressive in nature
Cerebellar symptoms: Imbalance, incoordination, dysarthria, dysphagia, weakness
Non-Cerebellar symptoms: scoliosis, visual or hearing loss, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, peripheral neuropathy

Question 11

prognosis friedreichs ataxia
Tx

Time form walking to wheelchair

Answer 11

Prognosis: mortality between 40s-60s
Heart disease most common cause of death
Treatment: symptom management, functional training

10 yr from walking to needing a wheelchair

Question 12

spinocerebellar ataxia what is it

Answer 12

Degenerative process involving the cerebellum and its efferent and afferent connections
May affect other central nervous system structures including basal ganglia, brainstem nuclei, pyramidal tracts, spinal cord, and alpha MNs

Question 13

most common type of spinocerebellar

Answer 13

type 1

Question 14

onset spinocerebellar ataxia

Answer 14

between childhood and adulthood

Question 15

prognosis spinocerebellar ataxia

Tx

Answer 15

Prognosis: unknown/variable
Treatment: symptom management, functional training

Question 16

type 1 spinocerebellar ataxia

Answer 16

Type 1
Optic atrophy, ophthalmoplegia, dementia, amyotrophy – asymmetric mm lower limb motor neuropathy and extrapyramidal signs – BG s/s.

Question 17

type 2 spinocerebellar ataxia

Answer 17

Type 2
Retinal degeneration, which may be associated with ophthalmoplegia and extrapyramidal signs – BG s/s.

Question 18

type 3 spinocerebellar ataxia

Answer 18

Type 3
“Pure cerebellar ataxia”

Question 19

4 type of spinocerebellar ataxia

Answer 19

Type 4
Deafness and the presence of myoclonus – sudden brief involuntary twitching of mm

Question 20

scale for assessment adn rating of ataxia SARA

Answer 20

Evaluates gait, standing, sitting, speech, finger-to-finger, nose-to-finger, RAMs, heel-to-shin
Does not consider oculomotor function

Question 21

meds for cerebellar s/s

Answer 21

vit E
coenzyme Q10

Question 22

PT management cerebellar

Answer 22

treat what you see