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Ceramics > Ceramics I > Flashcards

Ceramics I Flashcards

Chandler/Gilbert CC

1
Q

Workability of the clay that allows it to bend without breaking or cracking.

A

Plasticity

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1
Q

Unglazed but fired ware, usually accomplished in a low temperature firing prior to the glaze fire.

A

Bisque or
Biscuit

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2
Q

When all the moisture has left the clay body.

A

Bone dry

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3
Q

Any slab or disk used as a base for throwing or hand building clay.

A

Bat

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4
Q

Finished leather-hard or bone-dry clay pieces not yet fired; raw ware.

A

Greenware

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5
Q

A combination of natural clays and non-plastics, especially formulated to have certain workability and firing characteristics.

A

Clay body

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6
Q

Clay that is in liquid suspension.

A

Slip

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7
Q

A furnace for firing clay, slumping glass, or melting enamels.

A

Kiln

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8
Q

Heat treatment of ceramic materials.

A

Firing

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9
Q

The stage the clay reaches from wet to dry when most of the moisture has evaporated but when carved the clay will come off in long strips, like cutting cheese. Also referred to as cheese hard

A

Leather hard

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10
Q

A crosshatch method of putting together coils, slabs, or other clay forms in the leather-hard stage; the same as luting.

A

Scoring

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11
Q

Kneading a mass of clay to expel air and make the mass homogeneous.

A

Wedging

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12
Q

Preliminary firing usually around cone 06 to harden the clay in preparation for the glaze application.

A

Bisque fire

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13
Q

A prepared slip that is a different color than the clay body, that is applied when the clay is wet, leather hard, bone dry or bisque.

A

Engobe

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14
Q

To clean the bottom of a glazed piece before firing.

A

Dry foot

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15
Q

A liquid suspension of finely ground minerals that is applied by brushing, pouring, dipping, or spraying, forming a glassy surface when melted in the kiln.

A

Glaze

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16
Q

The top edge of the vessel.

A

Lip

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17
Q

Another word for pottery in the raw, bisque or glaze state.

A

Ware

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18
Q

The art and science of forming objects of earth materials that contain alumna, silica and water all chemically combined, produced with heat.

A

Ceramics

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19
Q

To assume the nature of glass, particles of clay begin to melt and fuse together.

A

Vitreous

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20
Q

A decomposed granite-type rock with fine particles so that it will be plastic.

A

Clay

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21
Q

Clay lacking in plasticity.

A

Short

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22
Q

Hard dense, durable ware generally fired to 2150 degrees Fahrenheit or higher, with zero to five percent absorption.

A

Stoneware

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23
Q

The firing of a kiln with an atmosphere of insufficient oxygen, where combustion of the fuel used in firing is incomplete.

A

Reduction

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24
Q

Opposite of reducing fire; the firing of a kiln where combustion of the fuel is complete.

A

Oxidation

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25
Q

Small triangular objects compounded of clays to bend and melt at specific temperatures.

A

Pyrometric
Cones

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26
Q

A loosely used term often means earthenware or just any clay vessel that has been fired.

A

Pottery

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27
Q

Hard, dense, and durable ware generally fired to 2350 degrees Fahrenheit or above; white in color and when thin translucent, with zero percent absorption.

A

Porcelain

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28
Q

A tool used in throwing a pot to shape or straighten it: made of rubber, wood, plastic, or metal.

A

Rib

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29
Q

Breaking down clay or other ceramic materials in water.

A

Slaking

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30
Q

Refractory slabs, posts, and setters for supporting ware in the kiln.

A

Kiln furniture

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31
Q

Texture or quality of coarseness in a clay body; necessary in clay to make it lift and support weight in hand building; results from the addition of fine grog, and or any slightly coarse particles.

A

Tooth

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32
Q

The ring like base on a ceramic piece, bottom of the vessel.

A

Foot

33
Q

A protective coating of 50% kaolin and 50% silica, applied to kiln furniture to keep excess glaze from fusing.

A

Kiln Wash

34
Q

A dull surfaced glaze with no gloss that is smooth and pleasant to the touch.

A

Mat or matt

35
Q

An instrument for measuring high temperatures.

A

Pyrometer

36
Q

The quality of resisting the effects of high temperatures.

A

Refractory

37
Q

Two-pronged devise used to measure inside and outside diameters.

A

Calipers

38
Q

A kiln where the flue gases exit at the bottom of the kiln.

A

Down draft

39
Q

A kiln where the flue gases exit at the top of the kiln.

A

Up draft

40
Q

A term used for any free spinning circular turntable.

A

Banding wheel

41
Q

A low temperature clay body with a permeable or porous body after firing to its maturity with 10 to 15 percent absorption.

A

Earthenware

42
Q

A hand method of forming pottery by building up the walls with rope like rolls of clay.

A

Coiling

43
Q

The temperature and time that a clay body develops the desirable characteristics of maximum nonporosity and hardness.

A

Maturity

44
Q

A hole placed in the kiln through which one can observe the cones or the process of combustion.

A

Peephole

45
Q

A horizontal machine with blades for mixing clay.

A

Pug mill

46
Q

A broken fragment of pottery.

A

Shard

47
Q

Decoration achieved by scratching through a colored slip to show the contrasting body color beneath.

A

Sgraffito

48
Q

The widest part of the vessel that is above the foot and below the shoulder.

A

Belly

49
Q

Polishing with a smooth stone or tool on leather-hard clay or slip to make a surface sheen. Low-fired (the surface will not stay shiny at temperatures above 2000 degrees F)

A

Burnishing

50
Q

A method of decorating, using a slip or glaze squeezed out of a rubber syringe.

A

Trailing

51
Q

Pure clay also known as china clay.
Al O3 2SiO2 6H2O

A

Kaolin

52
Q

Tube like single chamber hill climbing kiln.

A

Anagama

53
Q

Pushing a mass of clay on center with the centrifugal motion of a potter’s wheel.

A

Centering

54
Q

Depressed surface decoration, the reverse of bas-relief.

A

Intaglio

55
Q

Multi-chambered hill climbing kiln.

A

Noborigama

56
Q

Carved decoration in leather-hard clay, covered with an engobe and ribbed off when drier, leaving engobe inlaid in the carving.

A

Mishima

57
Q

In his book “A Potters Book” he presents an argument that pottery is a fine art.

A

Bernard Leach

58
Q

He used the medium of clay to make his abstract expressionistic art. This liberated many functional potters to express themselves without the consideration of function.

A

Peter Voulkos

59
Q

A group of Indians in Southwestern U.S.A. who made a unique contribution to clay art from A.D.900 to 1200.

A

Mimbres

60
Q

The cutting of rhythmical grooves in a vessel.

A

Fluting

61
Q

Cut or paddled vessels with flat sides.

A

Faceting

62
Q

Cutting holes in a design on a vessel.

A

Piercing

63
Q

Extraordinarily fine clay particles suspended in water that shines when applied as a coating and fired at low temperatures.

A

Terra Sigillata

64
Q

The oxide that gives the color green.

A

Chrome

65
Q

The oxide that gives the color blue.

A

Cobalt

66
Q

The oxide that gives the color brown and sometimes green.

A

Red iron oxide

67
Q

The oxide that gives the color green or red.

A

Copper

68
Q

A tin opacified glaze with a glossy surface, usually white, a base for colored stain overglaze decoration originating in Spain on the isle Majolica in the 15* century and later copied by the Dutch in the 16h century and the French in the 181 century.

A

Majolica, Delft,
Faience ware

69
Q

A firing or a type of ware; porous groggy ware, with or without a glaze, put into and pulled out of a hot fire.

A

Raku

70
Q

Wax, varnish, latex, or other substance applied in pattern on a surface to cover an area while the background is treated with another material or color.

A

Resist

71
Q

Traditionally, rock salt is thrown into the fire at the maturing temperature of the clay until an orange-peel textured clear glaze appears.

A

Salt glaze

72
Q

“Deceptive” portrayal of an objecting; making something unreal look as real as possible. Literally means to fool the

A

Trompe L’Oeil

73
Q

An art historian’s term for low-fired, unglazed generally red-colored ware.

A

Terracotta

74
Q

Trimming a piece in leather-hard condition on a wheel. Term used for throwing in some cultures and in the southern United States.

A

Turning

75
Q

The process of forming pieces on a revolving potter’s wheel from solid lumps of clay into hollow forms.

A

Throwing

76
Q

A material that lowers the melting point of Alumina and Silica.

A

Flux

77
Q

Extremely fine-grained, plastic, sedimentary clay that is added to clay bodies to make them more plastic.

A

Ball clay

78
Q

Separation of glaze coating during firing, which exposes areas of unglazed clay caused by too heavy of an application.

A

Crawling

79
Q

An undesirable and excessive crackle in the glaze, which penetrates through the glaze to the clay body.

A

Crazing

Ceramics (1 decks)

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