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Ceramic Vocabulary > Ceramic Vocabulary Deck > Flashcards

Ceramic Vocabulary Deck Flashcards

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1
Q

Ceramic

A

having to do with clay or glass or the making from clay to glass.

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2
Q

Score

A

To draw or make lines in the clay

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3
Q

slip/score technique

A

method used in hand building to connect 2 pieces of clay

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4
Q

wedging

A

the process of kneading the clay so as to remove air pockets and create uniform consistency in clay.

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5
Q

Coil method

A

One of the oldest ways of forming pottery. long strands of clay which are laid on top of each other are joined through blending coil to coil.

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6
Q

Stoneware

A

high fire clay, waterproof even when not fired/without glaze; resulting product sturdier than earthenware.

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7
Q

bone dry

A

completely dry, but not fired clay

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8
Q

greenware

A

unfired clay objects in general.

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9
Q

slab

A

a flattened out piece of clay

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10
Q

bisque ware

A

clay objects fired for the first time without gaze on them

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11
Q

glaze ware

A

bisque ware glazed then fired

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12
Q

fettling knife

A

knife- like tool with fairly flexible blade for cutting into moist and leather- hard clay

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13
Q

loop tool

A

tool with wooden handle and a wire loop at one or both ends, used for carving and hollowing out clay forms

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14
Q

sprigging- on

A

term used to describe technique of adding small clay forms as deco on surface of pottery forms; aka applied deco

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15
Q

slip

A

watered down clay; acts as glue in slip/score technique. a fine, liquid form of clay applied to surface of a vessel prior to firing. Slip fills in pores and gives uniform color

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16
Q

incising

A

decoration technique, created by carving lines into clay or carving small areas out of clay but not perforating it

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17
Q

kiln

A

furnace designed specifically for heating clay to the temperatures necessary to make it permanently hard and stone like. Kilns can be electric, natural gas, wood, coal, fuel, oil, or propane. Some potters introduce chemicals to the kiln to influence the effects of firing.

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18
Q

element

A

the heating coils of an electric kiln

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19
Q

footing

A

the bottom of a piece that rests upon a surface. Two kinds: raised and flush

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20
Q

firing

A

clay is hardened by heating it to a high temperature, fusing the clay particles. primitive pottery is usually fired on the ground or in pits with whatever flammable material is available. kilns allow more efficient use of materials and more control over the atmosphere during a firing. firing has two basic atmospheres. Oxidation and reduction, which affect the color of the final piece.

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21
Q

glaze

A

glass forming chemicals, usually with colorants added, that applied in liquid form to bisque ware and fired in a kiln, forms a pleasing, usually glossy coating to the surface of the clay. Can be colored, opaque, translucent, or matte.

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22
Q

slip clay

A

clay in liquid form

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23
Q

bat

A

a plaster disk or slab for clay work

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24
Q

casting

A

a clay form made from a mold. may also be referred to plaster castings

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25
Q

casting slip

A

liquid clay used in process of forming objects with molds. also referred to as slip.

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26
Q

china

A

term which usually refers to the bone china of England, but is also associated with vitreous white wares and porcelain

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27
Q

conditioning coat (glaze or underglaze)

A

a thin coat of color that will soak into the greenware or bisque ware.

28
Q

cone (pyrometric cone)

A

a mixture of ceramic materials designed to soften and bend when the proper mixture of time and temperature is reached in the interior of the kiln

29
Q

cone plaque

A

small clay cone holder used when cones are placed on the shelf of the kiln to stand

30
Q

cone temperature

A

the mixture of time and temperature at which cone will bend to show the kilns temperature on the shelf

31
Q

earthenware

A

low fire clay which is fired to maturity at approx. 2000 degrees Fahrenheit

32
Q

food-safe

A

a product that has been tested and determined to be safe for use on surfaces which come in contact with food or drink

33
Q

foot

A

the base or part of the piece of ceramic on which it rests

34
Q

gloss

A

a shiny, glass like finish

35
Q

kiln wash

A

the refractory coating applied to the top of the kiln shelves to protect them from glaze drips

36
Q

leather- hard

A

greenware that is allowed to become firm but still retains its wet look

37
Q

matte

A

a soft finish with little or no shine

38
Q

opaque

A

color which does not allow other colors to show through

39
Q

peep holes

A

small holes inn the side of a kiln used for viewing shelf cones and ventilating the kiln during the firing process

40
Q

pin holes

A

tiny holes in the final surface finish of a glaze or underglaze

41
Q

plasticity

A

refers to the ability of clay to be formed into a shape and retain it.

42
Q

posts (kiln)

A

articles made of refractory material which support kiln shelves during firing

43
Q

semi- matte

A

a satin like surface which has a slight sheen to it

44
Q

semi opaque

A

colors which generally allow only dark colors to show through

45
Q

semi transparent

A

slightly colored and/or speckled colors which allow most colors to show through with only slight distortions

46
Q

shelf cone temperature

A

the cone temperature that is fired on the shelf of a kiln. the amount of heating the ware actually recieves

47
Q

sponge

A

usually refers to a natural sponge used for cleaning and decorating greenware. There are also synthetic sponges available for ceramics

48
Q

transparent

A

clear base colors which are free from cloudiness or distortion

49
Q

under glaze

A

a color which is usually applied to greenware and in most cases is covered with a glaze.

50
Q

vent holes

A

small holes made by puncturing the wet greenware with a needle tool when two pieces of ware have been attached. these small holes allow the air and gases to escape during firing. also refers to the peep holes on the side of the kiln

51
Q

pinch pots

A

starting with a ball of clay the potter opens a hole into the ball and forms a bowl shape through a combination of stroking and pinching the clay. many coil built pieces are constructed on top of a pinched bottom

52
Q

terra cotta

A

a brownish orange earthenware clay body commonly used for ceramic sculpture

53
Q

wheel thrown

A

the term throw comes from old English meaning spin. a piece of clay is placed on a potters wheel head which spins. the clay is shaped by compression while it is in motion. often the potter will use several thrown shapes together to form one piece (a teapot can be constructed from three or four thrown forms

54
Q

handbuilding

A

term refers to one of several techniques of building pots using only the hands and simple tools rather than the potters wheel. the term used for creating pottery using the potters wheel is throwing

55
Q

pinch

A

a method of shaping clay by inserting the thumb of one hand into the clay and lightly pinching with the thumb and fingers while slowly rotating the ball in the palm of the other hand. Pots made in this manner are called pinch pots

56
Q

coil

A

the technique of building ceramic forms by rolling out coils, or ropes, of clay and joining them together with the fingers or a tool

57
Q

molding

A

in this technique, flat slabs of clay are pressed into molds in order to create various shapes or forms.

58
Q

slip

A

liquid clay, at about the consistency of thick cream

59
Q

score and slip

A

a method of joining two pieces of clay together. First, score the clay; this means that you make scratches in the surfaces that will stick together. very important to always score and slip clay that is leather hard.

60
Q

stages of dryness

A

when speaking of clay, we refer to three basic stages of dryness: wet, leather hard and bone dry.

61
Q

sgraffito

A

decorating technique developed centuries ago. in its simplest embodiment, leather- hard clay is coated with an englobe or slip of contrasting color and then a pattern or picture is added by carving through or scraping off the slip to reveal clay underneath

62
Q

wax resist

A

patterns or designs are created by brushing a wax medium over an area of clay, slip, or glaze to resist the final glaze application when the wax is dry.

63
Q

slip trailing

A

slip is applied to the greenware through a tube or nozzle, like icing a cake.

64
Q

stamping

A

pressing forms into the clay to get decorative effects

65
Q

majolica

A

majolica (məjŏl´Ĭkə, məyŏl´–) or maiolica (məyŏl´Ĭkə) [from Majorca], type of faience usually associated with wares produced in Spain, Italy, and Mexico. The process of making majolica consists of first firing a piece of earthenware, then applying a tin enamel that upon drying forms a white opaque porous surface. A design is then painted on and a transparent glaze applied. Finally the piece is fired again. This type of ware was produced in the ancient Middle East by the Babylonians, and the method remained continuously in use. It was extensively employed by the Hispano-Moresque potters of the 14th cent. By the mid-15th cent. majolica was popular in Italy, where it became justly famous through the decorations of the Della Robbia family. The method is still widely used in folk art.

66
Q

mille fiore

A

a method of creating designs by folding different colored clays together into rods or bars, then slicing them as if you were slicing rolled cookies. this duplicates a design over and over for each slice.

Ceramic Vocabulary (1 decks)

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