Cephalosporins Flashcards
name 1st generation Cephalosporins
Cefazolin Cefadroxil Cehalexin Cephalothin Cephapirin Cephradine
What do all first generation cephalosporins treat
PeCK
Proteus mirabilis
K. pneumonia
E. coli
Name 5 bacteria fist generation Cephalosporins do NOT treat
P. aeruginosa Enterobacter S. marcescens Citrobacter Acinetobacter B. Fragilis
DOC for surgical prophylaxis
Cefazolin
first gen cephalosporin DOC for E.coli & K. pneumonia
Cefazolin
What can Cefazolin NOT treat
meningitis
1st generation cephalosporin alternate to anti-staph treatment in pts with penicillin allergy
Cefazolin
Only first generation IV or IM
Cefazolin
what are 1st gen ceph used to treat
UTI
Strep & Staph infection
Cellulitis
Soft tissue abscess
Name 3 IV 2nd gen Cephalosporins and what they treat
Cefotaxime
Ceftazidime
Ceftrixone
* active against B. fragilis & less active against H. Influenzae
2nd generation cephalosporin used with penicillin-non-succeptible pnemocci
Cefuroxime axetil
which 2nd generation cephalosporin has greater susceptibility to B-lactamase hydrolysis
Cefaclor
Clinical use of 2nd gen cephalosporins
H. Influenza or Moraxella catarrhalis
- sinusitis, otitis, lower respiratory tract infection
Peritonitis, Diverticulitis, & Pelvic Inflammatory Disease is treated with what 3 cephalosporins
2nd generation -
- Cefoxitin
- Cefmetazole
- Cefotetan
Which 2nd generation cephalosporin is used to treat community acquired pneumoniae
Cefuroxime
Cefuroxime crosses the BBB but is less effective than what 2 drugs in treating meningitis?
Ceftriaxone
Cefotaxime
*3rd gen cephalosporins
What do 3rd gen cephalosporins treat
Citrobacter
S. marcesens
Providencia
What are 3rd gen cephalosporins not good to treat
Enterobacter
3rd generation cephalosporins used to treat P. aeurginosa
Ceftazidime
Ceoperazone
3rd generation cephalosporins used to treat B. fragilis
Ceftizoxime
Moxalactam
What 3rd gen cephalosporins are not good for S. aureus
Cefixime and Ceftibuten
What do Ceftriaxone and Cefotaxime treat
meningitis & most active against penicillin non-susceptible strains of pneumococci
What meningitis will Ceftraixone and Cefotaxime NOT treat
caused by L. monocytogens
Neutropenic, Febrile immunocompromised patietn is best treated with what 3rd gen cephalosporin
Ceftazidime
Name 4th gen cepholosporins
Cefepime
What does Cefepime treat
P. aeruginosa
Enterobacteriacea
S. aeureus
S. pneumonia
What is Cefepime highly active against
Haemophilus
Neisseria
T/F Cefepime penetrates cerebral fluid
true
what is used to treat MRSA
ceftaroline fosamil - this drug is bactericidal
Adverse effect specific to cephalosporins
Hypothombinemia & Bleeding disorders assoc with Cefamandole, Cefmetazole, Cefotetan, Cefoperazone
–> also a disulferam reaction when taken with alcohol
What can a patient take to prevent Hypothombinemia & bleeding dz assoc w. the specific cephalosporins
Vitamin K
