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xray procedures lab > central ray, collumation, patient position > Flashcards

central ray, collumation, patient position Flashcards

1
Q

cervical spine-APOM

A
  • uvula
  • mid cheeks and up to nose (include mastoids)
  • make sure base of skull is even w/ incisors and parellell with the floor…say “ahhh” with suspended expiration
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2
Q

cervical spine-APLC

A
  • c4 adam’s apple
  • lower margin of mandible to clavicle , soft tissues vertically
  • slightly extend head so chin and occiput are almost parallel to floor
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3
Q

cervical spine-NLC

A
  • c4 approximately 1.5” blow the ear lobe on the SCM

- top of the ear (horizontal) behind the eyes (vertical)

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4
Q

cervical spine-flexion

A
  • C4
  • top of the ear and behind the eye
  • tuck chin in and then flex the neck
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5
Q

cervical spine-extension

A
  • C4
  • film size
  • extend head
  • collimate after pt is in flexed or extended position
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6
Q

Cervical spine LPO/RPO

A
  • c4 (1-1.5”) below ear lobe on the SCM
  • top of ear, behind the eye
  • pt’s feet are 45° to the film, posterior shoulder against the film, head is parallel to the film
    • marker=anterior to spine
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7
Q

thoracic spine-AP-upright or recumbent

A
  • T6-3” inferior to sternal angle
  • film size
  • in SUPINE, hips and knees are flexed
  • take a deep breath and hold
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8
Q

thoracic spine-Lateral-upright or recumbent

A

-T6 mid axillary line
-inside of film
-deep breath and hold
-marker closest to film
patient must be TOUCHING bucky
-arms extended and straight forward

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9
Q

Chest PA

A
  • Centered to film
  • just below film size 2” above shoulders
  • chin elevated
  • hands on sides-shoulders rolled forward
  • deep breath and hold
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10
Q

Chest Lateral

A
  • T6 (mid axilla, mid axillary line)
  • just to film size
  • both arms elevated above head
  • deep breath and hold
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11
Q

Right Hip-AP Recumbent

A
  • b/w ASIS and Pubic symphysis 2” away from umbilicus
  • film size
  • shield males and follow 10 day rule
  • 15° internal rotation
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12
Q

Right Hip frog leg

A
  • b/w ASIS and pubic symphysis and 2” away from umbilicus
  • to film size
  • flex hip and knee and foot to inside of leg
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13
Q

Right elbow-AP

A
  • b/t and 1” below epicondyles
  • to arm
  • arm extended
  • hand SUPINATED
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14
Q

Right Elbow-medial oblique

A

1” below epicondyles

  • to arm
  • arm extended
  • hand PRONE, humerus must be flat!
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15
Q

Right Elbow-lateral

A
  • mid elbow anterior to lateral epicondyle
  • to arm 6”10 field
  • elbow is flexed 90° karate chop hand, humerus must be parallel with shoulder
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16
Q

right elbow jones

A

2” abone olecranon process

  • 5x5
  • elbow full flexion
  • humerus is flat on film
  • divide film w/ lead sheet
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17
Q

right wrist PA

A
  • mid MC or scaphoid
  • to wrist
  • patient makes a soft fist so wrist lies flat
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18
Q

right wrist uln deviation

A
  • mid MC or scaphoid
  • to wrist
  • deviate wrist towards ulna
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19
Q

right wrist - medial oblique

A

mid MC or scaphoid at snuff box level

  • to wrist
  • supinate wrist 45 degrees to film w/ palm towards the film
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20
Q

right wrist lateral

A

snuff box

  • to wrist (include proximal metacarpals and distal ulna and radius
  • medial aspect of wrist (anatomically) on film, thumb pointed up
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21
Q

right hand -PA

A

3rd MC

  • to hand size
  • palm down fingers extended
22
Q

right hand medial oblique

A

b/t 2nd and 3rd MC heads
to hand
-hand semi prone 45° fingers extended
-straight down staircase foam

23
Q

right hand lateral

A

proximal inter phalangeal joint
to hand
-hand semi prone 45° with fingers extended
-spiral staircase foam

24
Q

right shoulder-internal rotation

A

-coracoid process
-below film size
-scapula flat against film
-arm is medially rotated so that humeral epicondyles are perpendicular to film
palms face POSTERIOR

25
Q

right shoulder -external rotation

A

coracoid process
to film size
same as internal only palms face ANTERIOR

26
Q

Right shoulder-baby arm “abduction”

A

coracoid at mid clavicular line

  • to film size
  • elbow flexed 90° and arm abducted 90°
  • palm faces ANTERIOR
27
Q

Acromioclavicular Joint

A

through AC joint

  • film size
  • perform bilaterally, both with and without pt holding weights
28
Q

Pelvis-AP Upright and recumbent

A

on the midline halfway b/t the iliac crest and pubic bone

  • just below film size
  • 10 day rule
  • gonadal shielding
  • internally rotate feet 15°
29
Q

Right knee AP

A

1 cm inferior of patella

  • soft tissues
  • knee should be fully extended
  • internally rotate 5°
30
Q

right knee lateral

A
  • 1cm distal to medial epicondyle
  • film size
  • flex leg to 45° and cross opposite leg over
31
Q

right knee tunnel

A

popliteal fossa

  • to skin line
  • pt prone knee flexed 45° (prop up with garbage can)
32
Q

right knee sunrise

A

inferior pole of patella b/t the patella and femoral condyles

  • soft tissues of the knee and above the patella
  • knee maximally flexed, use a strap around ankle and pull it over the shoulder and have pt hold it
33
Q

right ankle AP

A

b/t medial and lateral malleoli
-6x10 field
-leg extended foot slightly dorsiflexed so toes are pointing toward ceiling
SPLIT film

34
Q

right ankle Medial oblique

A

b/t med and lat malleoli
proximal to toes and laterally to soft tissue edges
patient supine on table, leg extended, foot dorsiflexed and internally rotated 35-45°

35
Q

right lateral ankle

A

medial malleolus

  • posterior calcaneus and approx. 1” above the malleolus
  • pt lies on side crossing opposite tleg over for stability
  • plantar surface of the foot and tib/fib should be perpendicular
36
Q

foot AP

A

base of 3rd metatarsal

  • edges of soft tissues
  • divide film
  • Foot is FLAT on film
37
Q

foot lateral

A

navicular

  • soft tissues of toes and calcaneus
  • lateral aspect of foot is closest to film
  • dorsiflex foot so plantar surface is parallell with the edge of the film
38
Q

foot medial oblique

A

base of 3rd metatarsal

  • edges of soft tissue of toes and calcaneus
  • spplit the film
  • lateral plantar aspect of foot is angled 35° away from film
39
Q

Calcaneus lateral

A

1” below medial malleolus
-4x5
cross leg over
-lateral aspect of calcaneus is against the film
-plantar surface should be parallel to edge of film

40
Q

calcaneus axial

A

2” up from back of heel
5x5
dorsiflexed w/ toes towards ceiling
-patient supine

41
Q

sacrum AP

A

b/t pubic symphysis and umbilicus

  • film size
  • 10 day rule
  • empty bowels prior to study
  • gonadal shield
42
Q

sacrum Lateral

A

3” below iliac crest and 2” anterior to the posterior sacrum
-just below film size
have patient flex knees

43
Q

lumbar spine AP Spot

A
  • midline halfway b/t L3 and pubic symphisis
  • just below film size
  • patient supine
  • 10 rule
44
Q

lumbar PA spot

A
  • L5 spinous
  • to film size
  • patient prone
  • 10 day rule
45
Q

lumbar AP

A
  • centered 1.5” above iliac crest
  • film size
  • use gonadal shielding
  • 10 rule
  • patient is naked and gowned
46
Q

lumbar lateral

A
  • 1” above iliac crest b/w psis and ASIS
  • inside soft tissues
  • marker on side CLOSEST to film
  • 10 day rule
47
Q

lumbar lateral spot

A

1” below iliac crest
to film size
-arms up?

48
Q

Lumbar LAO— table

A

1” lateral to L3 spinous, measure in position

=top-bottom of film and 8” laterally

49
Q

AP full spine

A
  • centered to film
  • under the nose/ just below pubis
  • FILTER upper thoracic and cervical spines
  • INSPIRE and hold
  • 10 day rule
  • gonadal shielding
50
Q

coccyx-AP

A

2” superior to public sylph

  • 5x5
  • patient supine
  • 10 day rule
  • empty bowel
51
Q

coccyx lateral

A

4-5” below iliac crest and 2” anterior to the sacrococyxgeal junction
8x8
-10 day rule

xray procedures lab (3 decks)

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