Central Nervous System Depressants Flashcards
central nervous system
brain and spinal cord
3 cs of addiction
- compulsivity:
- control
- consequences
compulsivity
what happens before use
control
what happens after use, difficult to control
consequences
outcomes, negative
protecting the supply
being controlling of drug supply
dependence
can be psychological and physiological
tolerance
need for increased intake for desired effect
reverse tolerance
intoxication after small doses due to liver damage
potentiate
combined effect of drugs is greater than effects of each drug alone
cross-tolerance
tolerance to all drugs in a category
drug half-life
time it takes for half of drug to be metabolized
cross-addiction
addiction to drugs across categories
effective dose
(ED) dose at which the average person will respond
lethal dose
(LD) dose at which average person would die from use
therapeutic window/index
a ratio of the effective does and lethal dose
agonists
mimic neurotransmitters
antagonists
block receptor sites
partial agonists
combination of agonists/antagonists
spring effect of withdrawal
withdrawal creates opposite effect of drug
general effects of depressants
slurred speech, disorientation, drunkenness, relaxed inhibitions
general effects of depressant withdrawal
anxiety, insomnia, tremors, delirium, convulsions, possible death
general effect of depressant overdose
shallow respiration, cold/clammy skin, dilated pupils, weak and rapid pulse, coma, possible death
5 depressant substance types
- alcohol
- sedative-hypnotics
- barbiturates
- benzodiazapines
- anxiolytics
proof
measure of alcohol content, 2X the alcohol content
high liver enyzmes
indicates likelihood of heavy drinking
BAL/BAC
milligrams of alcohol per 100 liters of blood (mg/ml), .08-.10% usually legal limit in most states, .3% passed out, .6% usually lethal
