Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > Central Nervous System > Flashcards

Central Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

The CNS “CPU of the body” consumes how much resources?

A

15% Cardiac Output
20% Oxygen
25% Glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the two division of the CNS?

A

Brain

Spinal Cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the functions of the Medulla Oblongata?

A

Location of many control centers of the body, breathing, heart rate, vasomotor, vomiting, and RAS (Reticular Activating System)
Mainly sympathetic nervous system fibers come out here, but some parasympathetic ones do also

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is located in the Diencephalon?

A

Thalamus and Hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the Thalamus in charge of?

A

Posterior Pituitary Gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the functions of the Cerebellum?

A

Controls movement and coordination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the functions of the Cerebrum?

A

Conscious perception, thought and conscious motor activity

Two hemispheres: Right and Left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the CNS neurotransmitters (7)?

A 
Glutamate
GABA
Dopamine
Norepinephrine
Serotonin
Histamine
Acetylcholine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the functions of RAS?

A

Responsible for cyclical activities. For example, the Sleep/Awake cycle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the initial transmitter released by the RAS (Reticular Activating System)?

A

Histamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does histamine do in the RAS?

A

Stimulates all other neurotransmitters to be released allowing normal awake functions to occur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the Area Postremia?

A

The Vomiting Trigger Zone (VTZ)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What receptors trigger the Area Postremia?

A

Dopamine
Serotonin
Histamine
Opiates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the primary and secondary receptors that get blocked by traditional anti-psychotics?

A

Dopamine and Histamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What needs to happen for us to have smooth muscle movements?

A

A balance of Dopamine and Acetylcholine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a side effect of Dopamine inhibition?

A

Extra prymidial symptoms (EPS), aka Dystonia/Distonic reaction

17
Q

What is a side effect of histamine inhibition?

A

Sedation

18
Q

What is another term for Acetylcholine inhibition?

A

Muscarinic antagonist

19
Q

What is a side effect of adrenergic inhibition?

A

An alpha-1 blockade, resulting in hypotension

20
Q

What does Benadryl do?

A

Benadryl is an acetylcholine and histamine antagonist but is not typically thought of as a muscarinic antagonist.

Proper doses make you sleepy

High doses make you hyper, irritable, and agitated

21
Q

What is Glutamate?

A

Excitatory NT that is released from multiple areas of the brain, and is believed responsible for memory and pain

22
Q

What does the NMDA receptor do when activated by Glutamate?

A

Allows Ca++ and Na+ into the neuron and K+ out of the neuron

23
Q

What does Dopamine effect?

A 
Cognition
Vomiting
Voluntary movement
Motivation
Punishment
Reward
Sleep
Mood
Attention
Working memory
Learning
24
Q

What does Norepinephrine do in the CNS?

A

Generally a excitable NT associated with arousal and reward. Also found in vasomotor center in medulla (vasomotor tone, description of how excited the neurons in the medulla are)

25
Q

Where is the Alpha-2 receptor located and what does it do?

A

Located on presynaptic terminal
Different from most receptors we have discussed, most are located post-synaptic.
The more norepinephrine on the alpha-2 receptor the more active the sympathetic nervous system will be
Alpha-2 primarily effects breathing and vasomotor responses

26
Q

What does the serotonin receptor do?

A

Excitatory NT associated with memory, learning, temperature, mood, behavior, pain, vomiting, and sleep

27
Q

What does the histamine receptor do?

A

Generally an excitatory NT associated with balance, vomiting and the RAS (Reticular activating system)

28
Q

What is GABA?

A

Inhibitory NT in many parts of the brain

Decreases the activity of the brain

Pharmacology (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions