central nervous system Flashcards
parasympathetic vs sympathetic
work in balance, sympathetic +, parasympathetic down, sympathetic needed in fight/ flight, parasympathetic needed to return to homeostasis
what is an anatomical direction?
what direction in relation to a made up neuraxis drawn down the middle of the body through the spinal cord and brain
ventral anatomical direction
towards front of body or bottom of head
dorsal anatomical direction
towards back of body or top of head
anterior anatomical direction
nose end
posterior anatomical direction
tail end
lateral anatomical direction
towards the sides
medial anatomical direction
towards the middle
bilateral anatomical direction
both sides of the body
ipsilateral anatomical direction
same side of body
contralateral anatomical direction
opposite side of the body
how does the brain maintain glucose levels?
relies on constant supply from glucose and oxygen from blood supply
how is the CNS protected by bones?
skull and spine protect brain and spinal cord
meninges to protect CNS
between CNS and bone protectors, outer layer - thick, middle layer - subarachnoid space, inner layer - thick blood supply
blood-brain barrier to protect the CNS
cannot kill viruses so keeps out harmful substances. HOWEVER allows bad things to pass through but not treatment which is why meningitis is so hard to treat
ventricular system to protect the CNS
includes cerebrospinal fluid to provide extra cushioning
forebrain
communication via nerve fibres including corpus collosum. regulates ANS and endocrine system
cingulate gyrus
control of emotional behaviour
fornix
links hippocampus to hypothalamus
hippocampus
learning and memory
amygdala
emotional processing and motivation
hindbrain
spinal cord meets brain, control cardiovasc system
midbrain
pathway for sensory and motor impulses between hindbrain and forebrain
