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Central And Peripheral Arterial System Flashcards

1
Q

The aortic arch branches into what?

A

Innominate/ brachiocephalic artery
Left common carotid art
Left subclavian art

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2
Q

The innom art divides into what?

A

rt Subcl and rt cca

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3
Q

The innominate/ Brachiocephalic art arises on?

A

the right only, its the first branch off the aortic arch

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4
Q

What is the second branch off the aortic arch?

A

left common carotid artery

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5
Q

What is the first branch off the arotic arch?

A

innominate aka brachiocephalic art

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6
Q

What is the third branch off the aortic arch?

A

left subclavian artery

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7
Q

when does the left subclavian artery terminate?

A

at the thoracic outlet

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8
Q

The subclavian artery becomes what?

A

axillary

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9
Q

what are the branches off the subclavian art?

A

vertebral, thyrocervical, internal thoracic and costocervical arteries

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10
Q

the axillary arty becomes the?

A

brachial artery

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11
Q

where does the brachial artery end?

A

1 cm beyoned the bend of the elbow

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12
Q

What does the brachial artery divide into?

A

radial and ulnar arteries

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13
Q

what is the triangular region located anterior to and below the elbow called?

A

Antecubital fossa

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14
Q

What originates from the brachial artery and travels down the lateral side of the forearm into the hand?

A

Radial artery

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15
Q

The radial artery gives off a branch in the hand to form the

A

superficial palmar arch and terminated in the deep palmar arch of the hand

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16
Q

how does radial artery terminate in the deep palmar arch of the hand?

A

by joining the deep branch of the ulnar artery

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17
Q

what originates from the brachial artery and travels down the medial side of the forearm?

A

ulnar artery

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18
Q

the ulnar artery gives off to what? and terminates where?

A

the deep palmar branch and terminates in the superficial palmar arch

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19
Q

the superficial palmar arch is also know as?

A

volar arch

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20
Q

what does the superficial palmar arch consist of?

A

distal portion of the ulnar artery as it continues into the hand and a branch of the radial artery

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21
Q

the deep palmar arch consists of what?

A

the deep palmar branch of the ulnar artery and the distal portion of the radial artery

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22
Q

the deep palmar branch of the ulnar artery and the distal portion of the radial artery makes up what?

A

Deep palmar arch

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23
Q

distal portion of the ulnar artery as it continues into the hand and a branch of the radial artery

A

superficial palmar arch

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24
Q

What arises from the palmar arches, extends into the fingers and toes, divides into lateral and medial branches?

A

digital arteries

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25
Q

the ascending aorta arises from where?

A

left ventrical

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26
Q

What are the two branches of the ascending aorta?

A

rt and lt coronary arteries

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27
Q

aortic arch is formed by the? and gives off three branches what are they?

A

ascending aorta. innominante aka brachiocephalic, left common carotid and left subclavian arteries

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28
Q

the _______ extends downward from the aortic arch to just above the diaphragm

A

descending thoracic aorta

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29
Q

What are the visceral branches of the abdominal ao?

A

celiac art, superior mesenteric art, renal arts, inferior mesenteric art

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30
Q

What feeds the stomach, liver. panc, duodenum, and spleen?

A

celiac artery

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31
Q

What are the branches off the celiac trunk?

A

splenic, left gastric and common hepatic arteries

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32
Q

what feeds the small intestine, cecum, ascending colon and part of the transvers colon?

A

superior mesenteric artery aka sma

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33
Q

What supplies the blood to the kidneys, suprarenal glands and ureters?

A

renal arteries

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34
Q

what is the landmark for locating the left renal artery?

A

the left renal vein which crosses the aorta anteriorly and is positioned superior to the artery

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35
Q

what is the landmark for locating the rt renal artery?

A

it courses under/ posterior to the IVC

36
Q

what supplies the left half of the transverse colon, descending, iliac and sigmoid colon and part of the rectum?

A

inferior mesenteric artery aka IMA

37
Q

What are the major parietal branches of the abd ao?

A

inferior phrenic art, lumbar arts, middle sacral art

38
Q

How does the abdominal ao terminate?

A

rt and left common iliac arteries

39
Q

The common iliacs carry blood to where?

A

pelvis, abd wall and lower limbs

40
Q

the common iliac arteries divide into what?

A

internal ( hypogastric) and external iliac arteries

41
Q

What is another name for internal iliac arteries?

A

hypogastric arteries

42
Q

at what level do the internal and external iliac arteries divide?

A

level of the lumbosacral junction

43
Q

the hypogastric arteries aka? divide into what two vessels?

A

internal iliac arteries, anterior and poster

44
Q

the anterio rand posterior internal iliac arteries supply arterial flow to which regions?

A

pelvic wall, gluteal muscle, pelvic viscera, thigh and perineum

45
Q

the _______ artieries are essentially continuations of the common iliac arts

A

external iliac arteries

46
Q

the external iliac arteries travles______ and _____ along the medial side of the psoas major muscle

A

lateral and inferior

47
Q

When the external iliac arteries pass under the inguinal ligament it becomes what?

A

common femoral artery

48
Q

the ________ artery arises from the external iliac just above the inguinal ligament

A

inferior epigastric artery

49
Q

the common femoral artery divides into what?

A

superficial femoral artery and deep femoral artery ( profunda femoris)

50
Q

The deep femoral artery is also known as?

A

profunda femoris

51
Q

the landmark for the point at which the femoral artery becomes the popliteal artery is called what? 2 names

A

hunters canal or adductor canal

52
Q

the ________ is the distal continuation of the superficial femoral artery

A

popliteal artery

53
Q

What is the first branch off the distal pop art?

A

anterior tibial art

54
Q

after arising from the distal pop artery the anterior tibial art (ATA) passes _______ to the ______ membrane and runs deep in the front of the leg along the ___________ surface of the __________ membrane

A

superficial to the interosseous

anterior interosseous

55
Q

at the distal end of the anterior tibial artery once is passes in front of the ankle joint it becomes what?

A

dorsalis pedis artery (DPA)

56
Q

the dorsalis pedis artery forms which two branches?

A

the first dorsal metatarsal and the deep plantar arteries

57
Q

The deep plantar artery unites with what? and completes what?

A

lateral plantar artery to complete the plantar arch of the foot

58
Q

What is the second branch of the distal pop art?

A

the tibioperoneal trunk

59
Q

the tibiorperoneal trunk gives rise to what?

A

posterior tibial and peroneal arteries

60
Q

the tibioperoneal trunk has also been called what?

A

proximal portion of the posterior tibial artery

61
Q

The __________ extends down the posterior and medial side of the leg

A

posterior tibial artery

62
Q

The posterior tibial artery divides into what?

A

the medial and lateral plantar arteries in the foot

63
Q

the ________ artery arises at the distal end of the tibiorperoneal trunk along with the posterior tibial artery

A

peroneal artery

64
Q

the peroneal artery pass toward the fibula and travels down the _______ side of that bone to supply structure in the ________ side of the leg and in the _______ region of the foot.

A

Medial ,lateral, calcaneal

65
Q

___________ consists of the deep plantar artery and the lateral plantar artery and the dorsal metatarsal

A

plantar arch

66
Q

the plantar arch consists of what?

A

the deep plantar artery, the lateral plantar artery and the dorsal metatarsal

67
Q

what distributes blood to the digits in the foot?

A

The plantar arch

68
Q

_______ are vessels of the microcirculation

A

capillaries

69
Q

What is the flow quality in the capillaries?

A

steady with low flow

70
Q

what are the walls made of in the capillaries?

A

endothelial cells, forming a layer one cell thich

71
Q

capillaries are supplied by the _______?

72
Q

The capillaries transport what?

A

nutrients and gases

73
Q

arteries decrease in size from largest to smallest. what is the largest? smallest?

A

aorta to the arterioles

74
Q

what are considered to be resistance vessels?

A

arterioles

75
Q

arterioles help to regulate what?

A

blood flow by contracting and relaxing

76
Q

through the walls of the capillaries what is exchanges between tissue and blood to maintain the constancy of internal environment

A

nutrients and waste

77
Q

what is the function of the artery?

A

transport blood gases, nutrients, essential substances away from the heart and out to the tissue

78
Q

what are the layers of the arterial wall?

A

tunica intima, tunica media and tunica externa

79
Q

the innermost layer of the arterial wall is what?

A

tunica intima

80
Q

what does the tunica intima consist of?

A

surface layer of smooth endothelium over a base membrane and connective tissue

81
Q

what is the intermediate layer of the arterial wall?

A

tunica media

82
Q

what is the tunica media compose of?

A

smooth muscle and connective tissue.. the elastic type

83
Q

what is the outer layer of the arterial wall?

A

tunica externa aka adventitia

84
Q

what is another name for tunica externa

A

tunica adventitia

85
Q

what does the tunica adventitia consist of?

A

it is thinner that the media and contains white fibrous connective tissue, smooth muscle all arranged longitudinally

86
Q

the adventitial layer usually contains what?

A

vasa vasorum

87
Q

what is vasa vasorum?

A

vessels that carry blood to the walls of the larger arteries

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