Cementum, Alveolar Bone, PDL

Question 1

Attachment apparatus

Answer 1

cementum, PDL, bone

Question 2

Cementum is thickest and thinnest where?

Answer 2

thickest: apex and interradicular
thinnest: CEJ

Question 3

Where does cementum receive its nerve and nutrients?

Answer 3

from PDL

Question 4

Does cementum form throughout the life of the tooth?

Answer 4

Yes

Question 5

How does cementum develop?

Answer 5

from dental sac after disintegration of HERS

Question 6

What is the cementum matrix?

Answer 6

Cementoid, laid down by cementoblasts created by undifferentiated cells of dental sac. Cemetoblasts may become trapped in matrix and become cementocytes

Question 7

When does the cementum surround the cementocytes become fully mineralized?

Answer 7

when the matrix reaches full thickness

Question 8

Sharpey’s fibers

Answer 8

terminal calcified ending of collagen fibers 90 degrees to cementum and bone

Question 9

Canaliculi

Answer 9

in cementocytes; channels connecting to PDL that diffuse nutrients due to blood supply

Question 10

Cementum interfaces

Answer 10

Overlay: 15%
Meet: 52%
Gap: 33%, more prone to caries and hypersensitivity

Question 11

When does cementum repair?

Answer 11

only when trauma occurs

Question 12

Resorption of cementum occurs through which cell?

Answer 12

odontoclast, NO cementoclast
causes reversal line
occurs during ortho, occlusal trauma, eruption of teeth

Question 13

Acellular

Answer 13

aka primary; slower rate, no cementocytes, covers cervical 2/3, width does not changes

Question 14

Cellular

Answer 14

aka secondary; after primary, faster w/ cementocytes, width changes during life, especially at apex, apical 1/3 and interradicular areas

Question 15

Cementicles

Answer 15

mineralized bodies of cementum found in root surfaces or free in PDL

Question 16

Cemental spurs

Answer 16

found near CEJ, symmetrical spheres attached to cementum caused by irregular deposition

Question 17

Hypercementosis

Answer 17

excessive production of cellular cementum at apex of tooth, caused by occlusal trauma or pathological conditions (Paget’s disease, chronic periodical inflammation, compensation for occlusal height)

Question 18

List tissues in order of most to least calcified

Answer 18

enamel, dentin, cementum, bone, pulp

Question 19

Does alveolar bone remodel?

Answer 19

Yes; more easily than cementum

Question 20

Alveolar bone/alveolar process/ridge

Answer 20

contains roots of tooth; if patient has anodontia, this bone is not present

Question 21

Basal bone

Answer 21

apical to roots, form body of max/mand

Question 22

Alveolar bone proper/cribriform plate

Answer 22

lining of tooth socket/alveolus, made of compact bone, contains Volkmann’s canals and connected to Haversian system
aka bundle bone due to insertion of fibers

Question 23

On which side are Sharpey’s fibers thicker, bone or cementum?

Answer 23

thicker on bone side

Question 24

Lamina dura

Answer 24

alveolar bone proper in radiographs, integrity important for pathology

Question 25

Supporting alveolar bone

Answer 25

both cortical and trabecular/spongy bone

Question 26

Interdental septum

Answer 26

bone between neighboring teeth; compact bone, alveolar bone proper, spongy bone

Question 27

Interradicular septum

Answer 27

aka interradicular bone; alveolar bone proper and spongy bone

Question 28

Development of the Jawbone

Answer 28

Branchial arch 1, maxilla forms intramembraneously (bone to bone), mandible holds Meckle's cartilage

Question 29

Pressure

Answer 29

compression of PDL, narrows and bone resorbs through osteoclasts

Question 30

Tension

Answer 30

causes bone to be deposited and becomes wider

Question 31

What can mesial drift cause?

Answer 31

loss of vertical dimension, facial lines, wrinkles

Question 32

Dehiscence

Answer 32

loss of marginal bone

Question 33

Fenestration

Answer 33

marginal bone still intact, open window affect

Question 34

What is a word commonly used to describe bone?

Answer 34

plastic; constantly breaks down and remodels

Question 35

PDL

Answer 35

attachment of tooth to bone and cementum, fibrous CT, serves as periosteum, develops from dental sac

Question 36

Functions of PDL

Answer 36

formation, resorption, nutrition (blood vessels), sensory (nerves)

Question 37

Where does the PDLs vascular, nerve, and lymphatic supply enter?

Answer 37

through the apical foramen

Question 38

Afferent (sensory) nerves

Answer 38

away from body to brain

Question 39

Automatic sympathetic

Answer 39

regulates blood vessels

Question 40

Where are the fibers wider and narrower?

Answer 40

wider: apex and cervical area narrower: cementum and bone

Question 41

Interdental ligament

Answer 41

connects teeth in the arch and hold neighboring teeth together; involves muscle memory, also known as transeptal

Question 42

What does trauma do the PDL?

Answer 42

traumatic forces widen PDL, does not initiate disease but can accelerate progression, increased mobility

Question 43

Chronic periodontal disease and the PDL

Answer 43

PDL becomes disorganized, loss of Sharpey's fibers 1st fibers to lose: alveolar crest Interdental fibers: remain the longest