Cellulose

Question 1

what are the features of cellulose

Answer 1

made of beta glucose
contain only 1-4 glycosidic bonds
joined by condensation reactions
every alternate beta glucose is inverted
unbranched
polysaccharide formed from beta glucose

Question 2

where do hydrogen bonds form in cellulose molecules and what is this called

Answer 2

between slightly positive hydrogen atoms and slightly negative oxygen atoms on OH groups
called cross linking

Question 3

what are microfibrils made of, what are they held together by and where are the bonds

Answer 3

bundles of 60-70 cellulose molecules held together by hydrogen bonds between adjacent molecules

Question 4

how are the microfibrils composed in order to form the primary cell wall

Answer 4

layers of microfibrils are laid down at different angles to each other to form a mesh
mesh is then embedded in a matrix of hemicelluloses and pectin to form the primary cell wall

Question 5

what are the layers of microfibrils stuck together with

Answer 5

hemicelluloses and pectin

Question 6

when does secondary thickening of the cell wall occur

Answer 6

when the cell has stopped growing

Question 7

what is added to form the secondary cell wall

Answer 7

lignin

Question 8

what is the effect of lignin being added in the cell wall

Answer 8

further strengthens the cell wall
cell wall becomes less permeable to water