Cellular Transport Flashcards
What is diffusion?
The net movement of particles in a liquid or gas from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration due to the random movement of particles
“Down” the concentration gradient
What type of process is it? (DIFFUSION)
No energy is needed (other than the kinetic energy the particles already have).
This makes it a passive process.
What can effect the rate of diffusion?
- Temperature
- Concentration gradient
How does temperature effect the rate of diffusion?
The only energy that makes diffusion happen is the kinetic energy particles have.
If you increase the temperature, the particles will have more kinetic energy
They will move around more and collide more often
This increases the rate of diffusion
HIGHER TEMPERATURE = FASTER DIFFUSION
How does the concentration gradient effect the rate of diffusion?
The bigger the difference between the concentrations of two areas, the faster diffusion will occur to balance it out. The difference is called the concentration gradient
STEEPER CONCENTRATION GRADIENT = FASTER DIFFUSION
What is osmosis?
The net movement of water molecules from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution across a partially permeable membrane
What is concentration
A measure of how much solute there is in a volume of solvent
What is cytolisis
When water moves from outside of a cell into the cell, an animal cell will burst. This is called cytolisis.
Why won’t a plant cell burst when water moves into the cell?
It has a cell wall, which will become very hard - TURGID
What is crenation?
When water moves from inside of the cell to the outside of the cell, an animal cell shrivels up. This is crenation.
What does flaccid mean?
The cell becomes soft.
What does plasmolysed mean?
The shrinkage of cells.
What happens to plant cells when water moves from in the cell to out of the cell?
In this situation a plant cell will become flaccid and then plasmolysed
What is Isotonic?
When the concentration of a solution surrounding a cell is the same as the concentration of the cytoplasm inside the cell
What is hypotonic?
When the solution surrounding a cell is more dilute than the cytoplasm inside the cell
