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Biology HS 23-24 > Cellular respiration (Glycolysis\aerobic respiration) > Flashcards

Cellular respiration (Glycolysis\aerobic respiration) Flashcards

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1
Q

What is anaerobic respiration?

A

A process in cellular respiration that does not require oxygen

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2
Q

What is aerobic respiration?

A

A process in cellular respiration that requires oxygen

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3
Q

What are the three stages of glycolysis?

A

Glycolysis, Citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle), Electron transport chain

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4
Q

What are the reactants in cellular respiration?

A

Glucose and oxygen

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5
Q

What are the products of cellular respiration?

A

CO2, H2O, and ATP

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6
Q

What is the chemical equation for cellular respiration

A

C6 H12 O6+O2= CO2 & H2O & ATP

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7
Q

What are the two stages of cellular respiration called?

A

Glycolysis and anaerobic respiration or fermentation

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8
Q

What are the two types of fermentation that can take place at the end of cellular respiration

A

Lactic acid fermentation and alcohol fermentation

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9
Q

Where is the most ATP made?

A

The Electron transport chain

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10
Q

When H+ ions move through the ATP synthase it produces what product of cellular respiration

A

ATP

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11
Q

What role does oxygen play in the E.T.C.

A

Oxygen molecules attach to H+ molecules in the matrix and used electrons from the E.T.C. cycle to make water.

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12
Q

Electrons help ________ enter the inner membrane of the mitochondria

A

Hydrogen+

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13
Q

What happens in glycolysis

A

Glucose is broken down into 2 pyruvate with the help of 2 ATP, 2 NAD+, 2 ADP, and 2 P

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14
Q

What happens to NAD+ at the end of glycolysis?

A

It gets reduced to NADH

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15
Q

How many ATP is yeilded from glycolysis

A

4 ATP (net gain of 2 ATP

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16
Q

What does glycolysis mean?

A

Glucose breakdown

17
Q

Where does glycolysis take place

A

cytosol

18
Q

What happens in the first, then second phase of glycolysis

A

In the first phase the glucose is broken down to glyceraldehyde -3- phosphate, and in the second phase is broken down into pyruvate.

19
Q

How is acetyl CoA made

A

2 pyruvate are oxidized by NAD+ this reaction also produces Co2 and NADH

20
Q

What happens in the krebs cycle ((citric acid cycle) before ATP is produced)

A

Acetyl CoA links up with oxaloacetate making citric acid, it then gets oxidozed by NAD+ breaking the citric acid to a 5 carbon molecule, this molecule is broken down once again so it can accept a phosphate and ADP to make 1 ATP.

21
Q

What happens in the krebs ((citric acid cycle) after ATP is produced)

A

FAD comes and oxidizes the carbon molecule further and turns into FADH2, Another NAD+ molecule does the same. Now the carbon is oxaloacetate once again.

22
Q

Where does the NADH and FADH2 go after the krebs cyle

A

Theelectron transport chain

23
Q

What happens in the electron trandport chain (before ATP synthase)

A

Electron carriers NADH and FADH2 drop off electrons to the inter membrane, the energy from the electrons allows hydrogen ions to make theri way into the inter membrane. The electrons are then passed along the iner membrane until oxygen and hydrogen from the matrix combine with them to make H2O.

24
Q

What happens in the electron trandport chain (after ATP synthase)

A

Hydrogen ions from the inter membrane make their way through the ATP synthase. The ATP synthase turns like a turbine creating more energy and allows ADP and a phosphate to combine. causing ATP to be produced

25
Q

Why do hydrogen ions mover from the intermembrane back to the matrix

A

Because the intermembrane becomes highly concentrated with the hydrogen ions so they go through the ATP synthase to restore the equal librium

26
Q

Why do we breath?

A

to bring in more oxygen for cellular respiration (specifically the electron transpot chain)

27
Q

What does L.E.O. G.E.R. stand for?

A

Lose Electrons = Oxidized and Gain Electrons= Reduced

28
Q

How much ATP is produced from glycolysis

A

2 net ATP

29
Q

How much ATP is made in Electron transport chain

A

30-32 ATP

30
Q

What is the scientific name for electron transport chain

A

Oxidative phosphorylation

Biology HS 23-24 (3 decks)

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