cellular respiration Flashcards
Three stages of aerobic respiration
Glycolysis
Krebs cycle
Electron transport Chain
equation of cellular respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + 30 or 32 ATP
glycolysis, where it takes place, oxygen needed and equation
Takes place in the cytosol
Does it need oxygen→ No
Equation C6H12O6 + 2 NAD + 2ADP + Pi → 2C3H4O3 + 2 ATP + 2 NADH + 2 H+
What happens → NADH and pyruvate produced go to mitochondria
Krebs cycle, where it takes place, oxygen needed and equation
Takes place in the mitochondria
Does it need oxygen→ Yes but it won’t use it directly.
Equation 2C3H4O3 + 8NAD + 2ADP + Pi + 2 FAD → 6CO2 + 8NADH + 8H + 2ATP + 2 FADH2
What happens → pyruvate is converted into Acetyl CoA to enter the Krebs cycle. NADH and FADH will go to cristae for ETC.
ETC, where it takes place, oxygen needed and equation
Takes place in the mitochondria
Does it need oxygen → yes
Equation 10 NADH + 2 FADH2 + 6 O2 + 26-28 ADP + Pi→ 10 NAD + 2 FADH + 6H2O + 26-28 ATP
how much atp does anaerobic respiration produce
2
when does anaerobic respiration occur
When an organism’s oxygen is in low supply. Humans automatically switch from aerobic to anaerobic to keep up with ATP demands..
What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
Aerobic uses oxygen whereas anaerobic doesn’t
Anaerobic makes ATP much faster than aerobic.
anaerobic respiration in yeast and plants
Occurs in the cytosol
Step 1 ( Glycolysis )
Glycolysis produces 2 pyruvate molecules, 2 ATP and 2 NADH as a result of 1 glucose. It can’t stay as pyruvate because it needs to free up the coenzyme, allowing it to produce ATP.
Step 2 ( Alcohol Fermentation )
Needs 2 pyruvate and 2 NADH to produce 2 ethanol, 2CO2 and 2 NAD+
Anaerobic respiration in animals
Occurs in the cytosol
Step 1 ( Glycolysis )
1 Glucose produces 2 pyruvate molecule, 2 ATP and 2 NADH
Step 2 ( Lactic Acid Fermentation )
2 pyruvate and 2 NADH to give 2 lactic acid ( causes muscle fatigue ) and 2 NAD+
Factors that affect the rate of cellular respiration
temperature
glucose concentration
o2 concentration
temperature affecting cellular respiration
Cold- enzymes move slower, fewer collisions occur meaning the rate of cellular respiration is also lowered.
Temperature increases to optimal levels, enzymes collide more often, meaning the rate of cellular respiration also increases.
However, temp moves beyond tolerance denatures the enzyme.
glucose concentration affecting cellular respiration
No glucose means CR won’t happen
Glucose increase=CR rate increases to a certain point until it plateaus.
oxygen concentration affecting cellular respiration
No O2= no aerobic respiration
Increase in O2 means an increase in aerobic respiration until a limiting factor causes it to plateau
Oxygen accepts electrons.
Impacts of measuring both the rate of photosynthesis and cellular respiration
Organisms such as plants do both photosynthesis and cellular respiration at the same time. One’s inputs can be another’s outputs.
Daytime- photosynthesis uses oxygen faster than CR
Night time- CR uses oxygen faster than photosynthesis.
