Cellular Respiration

Question 1

Cellular Respiration

Answer 1

process of breaking down glucose to make ATP using substrate level and oxidative phosphorylation

Question 2

glycolysis

Answer 2

first process in cellular respiration, uses glucose as (preferred) substrate to net 2 ATP, 2 NADH, 2 pyruvate

Question 3

pyruvate oxidation

Answer 3

the process in which 2 pyruvates from glycolysis are transported into the mitochondria, this also converts them into 2 acetyl-CoA

Question 4

citric acid cycle

Answer 4

2 acetyl-CoA are oxidized to CO2, which nets 2 ATP, 6 NADH, and 2 FADH2

Question 5

mitochondrial ETC

Answer 5

high energy electrons from the previous three processes are used to create an h+ gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane(H+ pumped into intermembrane space)

Question 6

chemiosmosis

Answer 6

process in which from of H+ back across the inner membrane power the production of ATP via ATP Synthase

Question 7

oxidative phosphorylation

Answer 7

the function of ETC combined with chemiosmosis, named as such because of importance of oxygen as final electron acceptor

Question 8

fermentation

Answer 8

regenerates NAD+ to keep glycolysis going so that ATP can be produced with limited oxygen

Question 9

alternate substrates

Answer 9

other organic molecules (sucrose, fructose, etc.) can be used for respiration if glucose is unavailable

Question 10

Amino Acids (alt. sub.)

Answer 10

can be converted into glucose, acetyl-CoA, or intermediates of citric acid cycle after deamination

Question 11

Tryglycerides (alt. sub.)

Answer 11

can be split into glycogen, from there it can be converted into G3P for glycolysis and into fatty acids, which can be used to make acetyl-CoA, NADH, FADH2 via bet-oxidation