Cellular Respiration Flashcards
Respiration is when the….energy stored in…..is released by all cells through a series of enzyme-controlled reactions
Chemical, glucose
What type of cells need a high number of mitochondria?
Muscle, sperm and nerve cells
What are the two types of respiration and what conditions they need
Aerobic respiration = oxygen
Fermentation (anaerobic) = no oxygen
During stage one of aerobic respiration and fermentation, glucose is broken down into…..and releases…….ATP molecules
Pyruvate and 2 ATP
Where does stage one of aerobic respiration take place?
Cytoplasm
ATP can be used for cellular activities such as cell division, ……. , …… and …….
Muscle cell contraction, active transport and protein synthesis
What must be present for stage two of aerobic respiration to occur?
Oxygen
If absent fermentation takes place
What happens during stage two of aerobic respiration?
Pyruvate is broken down into carbon dioxide and water and releases lots of ATP
Fermentation occurs in the absence of oxygen. What happens to pyruvate in animal cells?
Converted into lactate/lactic acid
In plant and yeast cells, pyruvate is converted to…..and……
Ethanol and carbon dioxide
Only…..ATP molecules are produced in fermentation
2
Where does stage two of aerobic respiration take place?
The mitochondria
What is the word equation for animal fermentation?
Glucose-> Pyruvate-> Lactic acid
What is the word equation for stage one of aerobic respiration?
Glucose-> Pyruvate<-> ATP
What is the word equation for stage two of aerobic respiration?
Pyruvate -> carbon dioxide + water + lots of ATP
