Cellular Respiration Flashcards
aerobic respiration
a type of respiration where oxygen is required to continue the onto the Krebs cycle
anaerobic respiration
a type of respiration where oxygen is NOT required to continue onto fermentation
ATP synthase
a protein that pushes hydrogen molecules through the thylakoid membrane to form NADPH
chemiosmotic gradient
the concentration gradient that occurs when protons are removed from the mitochondria matrix
citric acid cycle (Krebs Cycle)
a cycle in the mitochondria matrix that consist of 5 steps to ultimately break down glucose to produce 2 ATP, 6 NADH, and 2 FADH
mitochondrial cristae
the inner folds within the mitochondria that allow for redox reactions to take place
electron transport chain
a chain of proteins that transports electrons from electron producers to electron receivers
FADH2
Aka Flavin adenine dinucleotide, FADH2 is a factor of redox reactions that forms within the Krebs cycle and is later used for the electron transport chain during respiration
glycolysis
the processes in which glucose is divided into two 3-carbon molecules of pyruvic acid
NADH
a molecule formed from NAD+ during the Krebs cycle, that is an important factor for making ATP
pyruvate
in the beginning of glycolysis, a glucose molecule is split into 2 3-carbon molecules. Those molecules are pyruvate, (pyruvate acid)
ATP
energy found within the 2nd and 3nd phosphate groups inside of the mitochondria of the cell
ADP
ADP is a molecule that can either form ATP or be produced by ATP in glycolysis, it is usually with Pi
Alcoholic fermentation
an anaerobic reaction that converts 3-carbon to Lactic Acid while generation NAD+ in the process
lactic acid
lactic acid is made during anaerobic respiration by Lactic-Acid Fermentation, it is a 3-carbon molecule
