Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

pathology > cellular pathology > Flashcards

cellular pathology Flashcards

1
Q

pathology

A

the study of disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

disease

A

deviation from normal state of health and wellness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Etiology

A

the cause of the disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Pathophysiology

A

what happens in the body during disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

pathogenesis

A

both etiology and pathogenesis combined

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

prevalence

A

how many of the cases are present in a population at risk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Incidence

A

how many cases occur in a population at risk over a given time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

symptom

A

subjective reporting by pt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

sign

A

observations by health care provider

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

diagnosis

A

a definition of an illness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

treatment

A

intervention that eliminates the disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Prognosis

A

how well we can predict how a disease is going to act

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

morbidity

A

incidence or disease state of individual or incidence of illness in a population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

mortality

A

incidence of death in a population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Idiopathic

A

cause is unknown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Iatrogenic

A

disease caused by medical intervention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

acute

A
  1. sudden and obvious onset

2. short term, develops quickly, resolves quickly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Insidious

A

slow and less obvious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Subacute

A

mid way between acute and chronic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Chronic

A

long term illness that may never resolve, usually sets in slowly

21
Q

Latent

A

no clinical signs evident (incubation period in infectious diseases)

22
Q

Prodromal stage

A

illness is evident but isn’t possible to accurately define it

23
Q

Syndrome

A

a collection of signs and symptoms that occur together in response to illness

24
Q

Atrophy

A

cells decrease in size

25
Q

Hypertrophy

A

cells increase in size

26
Q

Hyperplasia

A

cells increase in number

27
Q

Neoplasia

A

increased growth of tissue (increase in number of cells resulting in a tumour)

28
Q

Metaplasia

A

one mature cell type is replaced by another

29
Q

Dysplasia

A

cells become abnormal in size and shape (precursor to cancer)

30
Q

Anaplasia

A

cells become less differentiated (look like stem cells)

31
Q

Apoptosis

A

programmed cell death

32
Q

Necrosis

A

death of a cell due to metabolic damage

33
Q

Hypoxia

A

lack of oxygen

34
Q

Ischemia (anoxia)

A

lack of blood flow

35
Q

Physical agents

A

heat, cold, radiation

36
Q

mechanical stresses

A

trauma

37
Q

Coagulative necrosis

A

most common, cell proteins are altered, prevention of lysis, typically in solid internal organs
mostly occurs from anoxia(ischemia)

38
Q

Liquefactive necrosis

A

dead cells liquefy, most often in brain, can be second stage to coagulative necrosis

39
Q

Caseous necrosis

A

typically in tuberculosis (fungal infections), special coagulative necrosis with limited liquefaction, tissue becomes cheesy and yellow/white

40
Q

Fat necrosis

A

special liquefactive necrosis, limited to fat tissue (pancreas or breast)

41
Q

PMNs

A

most numerous of circulating WBC, up to 5 nuclei, 1st cell to arrive at inflammation cite

42
Q

Eosinophils

A

2-3% of circulating WBC, slower mobility and reaction to stimuli, Segmented nucleus (2), allergic reactions and parasites

43
Q

Basophils

A

less than 1% of circulating WBC, important for inflammation, mediated by IgE, larger than PMNs

44
Q

Macrophages

A

deerived from blood monocytes, larger than PMNs, 3-4 days after onset of inflammation

45
Q

Platelets

A

no nucleus, released from megakaryocytes in the bone marrow, contain granules

46
Q

Lymphocytes

A

involved in chronic forms of inflammation

47
Q

transudate

A

fluid that passes through the membrane, fewer cells than exudate

48
Q

Exudate

A

fluid released from body with high concentration of cells and protein

49
Q

PAthogenesis of inflammation (4)

A
  1. changes in circulation of blood
  2. changes in vessel wall permeability
  3. release of soluble mediators of inflammation
  4. cellular events

pathology (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions