Cellular Pathology Flashcards
What are the 5 classifications of Disease?
Idiopathic, Iatrogenic, Congenital, Acquired, Nosocomial
What is an Idiopathic Disease?
A disease with no identifiable cause
Give 2 examples of an Idiopathic Disease
Acute Idiopathic Polyneuritis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis
What is an Iatrogenic Disease?
A disease that occurs as a result of treatment
Give 4 examples of an Iatrogenic Disease
Hemolytic Anemia, Diabetes Insipidus, Lymphedema, Infertility
What is a Congenital Disease?
A disease that exist either at or before birth involving the development of the fetus
Give 3 examples of a Congenital Disease
Cystic Fibrosis, Down Syndrome, Hemophilia
What is an Acquired Disease?
A disease that develops later in life, after birth
Give 3 examples of Acquired Disease
Kawasaki Disease, Takayasu Arteritis, Congenital Heart Disease
What is a Nosocomial Disease?
A disease that results from being in a hospital environment
What are 3 examples of Nosocomial Disease?
Urinary tract infection, Respiratory Pneumonia, Bacteremia
What does the term etiology refer to?
The study of the origin of disease
Categories of Etiological Agents
Genetic Abnormalities, Infections, Chemicals, Radiation Mechanical Trauma, Malnutrition
What is Pathogenesis?
The mechanism by which the causative agent produces a pathological and clinical manifestation
4 examples of Pathogenic causes
Inflammatory, Degeneration, Metabolism, Immune Response
Define Atrophy
Reduction in size of an organ or tissue due to a decrease in cell size and number
Physiological causes of Atrophy
Decreased Workload, Aging, Loss of Endocrine Stimulation
Pathological causes of Atrophy
Loss of blood supply, Loss of nerve supply, Loss of endocrine stimulation, Inadequate nutrition
Define Hypertrophy
Increase in organ size due to an increase in cell size
Physiological causes of Hypertrophy
Increased workload, Increased size of Uterine Myometrium during pregnancy
Define Hyperplasia
Increased in organ size due to an increase in cell number
Physiological causes of Hyperplasia
Endometrium and Breast hyperplasia due to endocrine stimulation
What is Metaplasia?
The abnormal movement of normal cells from one place to another
