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Osmosis Diffusion > Cellular function > Flashcards

Cellular function Flashcards

1
Q

Passive Transport

A

No energy
HC -> LC

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2
Q

What does the mitochondria do?

A

Produces ATP

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3
Q

What does the Golgi apparatus do?

A

Makes lysosomes
Takes in protein, modifies it, places it in vesicles.

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4
Q

Function of cytoskeleton

A

Helps cells maintain shape, internal organization, enables cells to carry out division and movement

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5
Q

Channel mediated passive transport

A

Facilitated diffusion
Protein tunnels allow substances to pass through
‘Gated’ channels open & close
Semi permeable

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6
Q

Carrier mediated transport

A

Passive
HC -> LC
Facilitated diffusion
Protein attracts certain molecules
Changes shape to release on other side of membrane

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7
Q

Osmosis

A

Form of diffusion
Movement of water across semipermeable membrane
HC -> LC
Keeps osmotic pressure in cells constant

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8
Q

Hypotonic solution

A

Cell swells bc of water movement INTO cell

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9
Q

Hypertonic solution

A

Loses water, shrink
OUT of cell

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10
Q

Isotonic solution

A

Maintains same volume, no movement of water

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11
Q

Simple diffusion

A

Molecules pass through phospholipid bilayer
HC -> LC

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12
Q

Permeable

A

Diffuse across membrane
Only specific molecules can pass through

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13
Q

Impermeant

A

Cannot pass through

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14
Q

Solution

A

Mixture of one or more solutes (sugar) and a solvent (water)

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15
Q

Equilibrium

A

Both solutions have equal concentrations

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16
Q

Dynamic equilibrium

A

During homeostasis, diffusion does not stop

17
Q

Osmotic pressure

A

Pressure prevents movement of water

18
Q

Filtration

A

Movement of solutes down a concentration gradient by hydrostatic pressure (H -> L)

19
Q

Active transport

A

Requires energy
LC -> HC

20
Q

Types of active transport

A

Pumps
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
LC -> HC

21
Q

Pumps

A

Maintain concentration of ions needed for a specific process
ATP
HC -> LC
Against concentration gradient
General cell function, muscle contraction, nerve conduction

22
Q

Endocytosis

A

Brings material INTO cell
Active transport
LC -> HC

23
Q

Phagocytosis

A

Breaks down bacteria, foreign substances.
Lysosomes would destroy foreign substance.

24
Q

Exocytosis

A

Active transport
LC -> HC
Moves substances OUT of the cell via vesicle
Moves proteins

25
Q

Pinocytosis

A

Fluids ingested by cell
Form of Endocytosis

26
Q

Mitosis

A

Cells divide into two cells
Complete DNA in each new cell
46 chromosomes

27
Q

Meiosis

A

Sex cells
46 chromosomes split into 23

28
Q

Disorders at cellular level

A

Cancer - abnormal cell overproduction
Infections - steals cell protein, produce toxins, damage cells/ interrupt function
Viral - causes disease by taking over DNA/RNA/proteins

29
Q

Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

RER= protein synthesis and transport

SER = lipid and steroid synthesis

Osmosis Diffusion (1 decks)

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