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Biology > Cellular Energy > Flashcards

Cellular Energy Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is energy

A

The ability to do work

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2
Q

autotrophs are…

A

Organisms which make their own food using light energy from the sun 

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3
Q

Heterotrophs are

A

 Organisms which obtain their energy from the foods they consume 

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4
Q

What do all organisms need to do to live

A

Release the energy in sugars, and other compounds

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5
Q

ATP for adenosine triphosphate is

A

The most common form of energy, it contains ribose adenine, and three phosphate 

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6
Q

What type of energy do phosphate bonds have

A

High energy

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7
Q

What charges to phosphate bonds have?

A

The same, so they repel

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8
Q

What happens when phosphate bonds release energy

A

ADP is created which is ATP -1 phosphate which is called adenosine diphosphate 

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9
Q

What is ATP like?

A

Once the last bond is broken, it is like a fully charged battery

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10
Q

What is a ADP like?

A

A half charged battery because it’s not full of energy and some of it is stored 

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11
Q

What is the photosynthesis formula?

A

Sunlight +6 H2O +6 CO2 yields in the presence of chlorophyll C6, H 1206+602 

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12
Q

Plants need

A

Sunlight, H2O, and CO2 

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13
Q

Plants have

A

Chlorophyll

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14
Q

Plants give off

A

 Glucose and O2

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15
Q

Where does photosynthesis occur?

A

 In chloroplast

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16
Q

What is chlorophyll?

A

Light absorbing pigment and transfers, energy to electrons 

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17
Q

What is a thylakoid?

A

Membrane containing chlorophyll and is the site of light dependent reactions

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18
Q

What is grana?

A

A stack of thylakoids 

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19
Q

What is stroma?

A

Fluid filled space surrounding grana and is the site of light. Independent reactions. 

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20
Q

Where does the H2O go?

A

The light dependent reactions

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21
Q

Where does the CO2 to go?

A

The Calvin cycle or light independent reactions

22
Q

What leave the light dependent reactions.

A

Oxygen

23
Q

What leaves the light independent reactions

A

Glucose for C6, H 1206

24
Q

What is the ATP cycle during photosynthesis?

A

It enters the Calvin cycle, then comes out as a DP plus P then goes back into the light dependent reactions and turns back into ATP

25
Q

What does the NADPH do during the cycle of photosynthesis

A

It enters the Calvin cycle comes out as NADP then enters the light dependent reactions and comes back out as NADPH

26
Q

What is cellular respiration?

A

A process that releases energy by breaking down food molecules in the presence of oxygen 

27
Q

What is the formula for cellular respiration?

A

602+ C6 H 1206 yields six CO2 +6 H2O +36 ATP

28
Q

What happens in the glycolysis part of cellular respiration?

A

2 ATP split glucose 2 pyruvate acids enter the Krebs cycle, hydrogen and electrons gets picked up by NAD, which turns into NADH four ATP are made

29
Q

What happens in the Krebs cycle of the cellular respiration

A

The pyruvic acid get split

30
Q

What happens to the CO2 when it becomes a waste

A

It gets exhaled

31
Q

How much ATP are made from the Krebs cycle

A

Two

32
Q

What happens in the electron transport chain?

A

The hydrogen electrons in oxygen, enter 32 ATP get made

33
Q

Where does the H2O go in cellular respiration?

A

It gets released out of etc

34
Q

How much ATP gets made during cellular respiration

A

36

35
Q

Photosynthesis function

A

Energy capture

36
Q

Cellular respiration function

A

Energy released

37
Q

Photosynthesis location

A

Chloroplast

38
Q

Cellular respiration location

A

Mitochondria and cytoplasm 

39
Q

Photosynthesis reactants

A

CO2 and H2O

40
Q

Cellular respiration reactants

A

C6, H 1206 and oxygen 

41
Q

Photosynthesis products

A

C6, H 1206 and 02

42
Q

Cellular respiration products

A

CO2 and H2O and ATP

43
Q

What is fermentation?

A

The releasing of energy from food molecules by producing ATP in the absence of oxygen

44
Q

What is anaerobic?

A

It does not require oxygen

45
Q

What is the type of fermentation and bread and alcohol?

A

Alcoholic fermentation

46
Q

What is the type of fermentation that causes soreness?

A

Lactic acid fermentation

47
Q

Why are cells so small?

A

The mot has the more demands the sub places on a DNA and the harder it is for nutrients to move the volume increases more than the surface 

48
Q

What is NAD plus

A

An electron carrier

49
Q

What is NAD plus function

A

To carry hydrogen

50
Q

Alcoholic, fermentation, formula

A

Pyruvic acid plus NADH yield alcohol plus CO2 plus NAD and ATP

51
Q

What is lactic acid fermentation’s formula?

A

Pyruvic acid plus NADH use lactic acid +Nad +ATP

Biology (1 decks)

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