Cellular adaptation, cell injury and cell death Flashcards
What is Pathophysiology?
Study of mechanisms by which disease and illnes alter the functioning of the body.
- Break down of homeostasis
-Focuses on functional and metabolic alterations and mechanisms
What is Pathology?
Emphasizes on the structural changes
What are the 4 general concepts of pathophysiology?
Aetiology
Pathogenesis
Clinical manifestations
Epidemiology
What is the Aetiology of disease?
Study of causative agents of disease
Ex: diet, inherited, environmental, occupation, health, and age
Note: Diseases can be cause by cell injury the can be cause by immunological, metabolic, nutritional , psychological, or cancerous agent.
what are extrinsic factors of aetiology?
Biological agents
Chemical agents
Physical agents
Nutritional imbalance
what are intrinsic factors of aetiology?
Genetic factors
Congenital factors
Immunological factors
Psychological factors
Predisposing factors of aetiology
Genetic constitution
Physiological disease condition:
way that we are brought up, PTSD, caused high stress and how you deal with it, culture with dif health lit, economic,
Psychological characteristics
What are precipitating
factors of Aetiology?
Natural conditions: natural disaster, war,
Physical condition
Social condition
What is a idiopathic disease?
A disease with an unknown cause
what is the pathogenesis of disease?
the starting of the disease
- disruption of homeostasis
process of damage and antidamage
reveal role of cause and result
correlation between systemic and local regulations
why are clinical manifestation important for diseases?
Demonstrable changes brought about by disease process
Observe by affected person, their families, health professionals
Also known as signs and symptoms
signs – objective evidence (measurable like vitals)
symptoms – subjective evidence
what is Epidemiology?
Study of the patterns of disease within populations
Age, sex, ethinicity, location, socioeconomic status & lifestyle
Incidence and prevalence of diseases within communities
What is Hydropic Swelling?
-accumulation of H2O
malfunction of the sodium–potassium (Na + –K + ) pumps that normally maintain ionic equilibrium of the cell.
-characterized by a large, pale cytoplasm; dilated endoplasmic reticulum; and swollen mitochondria, too much water inside
-organ to increase in size and weight.
What is cell adaptation?
when cells adapt to new conditions by increasing or decreasing size, number, or shape
Define Atrophy
decrease in cellular size. Decreased workload, diminished blood supply, inadequate nutrition, loss of endocrine stimulation, aging
