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First Aid Biochemistry > Cellular > Flashcards

Cellular Flashcards

1
Q

p53 and hypophosphorylated Rb

A

Normally inhibit G1 to S progression

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2
Q

Permanent Cells

A

Remain in G0, regenerate from stem cells

Neurons, skeletal, cardiac and RBCs

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3
Q

Stable (quiescent) Cells

A

Enter G1 from G0 when stimulated

hepatocytes and lymphocytes

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4
Q

Labile Cells

A

Never go to G0. Divide rapidly with a short G1. Most affected by chemo
BM, Gut epithelium, skin, hair follicles, germ cells

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5
Q

Nissl bodies

A

rER in neurons, synthesize peptide NTs

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6
Q

Free Ribosomes

A

unattached to any membrane, site of synthesis of cytosolic and organellar proteins

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7
Q

Site of syn of secretory proteins and of N-linked oligosaccharide addition to many proteins

A

rER

in mucus secreting goblet cells and small inestine and plasma cells

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8
Q

site of steroid synthesis and detoxification of drugs and poisons

A

sER

found in liver hepatocytes and steroid-producing cells of adrenals and gonads

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9
Q

Golgi modification

A

N-oligosaccharides on asparagine
O-oligosaccharides on serine and threonine
mannose-6-phos to proteins on way to lysosomes

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10
Q

I cell disease

A

inclusion cell disease. inherited lysosomal storage disorder
defect in phosphotransferase thus decrease mannose-6-phosphate and proteins are delivered extracellularly instead of to lysosome

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11
Q

coarse facial features, clouded corneas, restricted joint movement, and high plasma levels of lysosomal enzymes.

A

I cell disease. often fatal in childhood

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12
Q

Signal recognition particle (SRP)

A

ribonucleoprotein, traffic protein from ribosome to rER.

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13
Q

COPI

A

retrograde movement of proteins from golgi to golgi or golgi to ER

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14
Q

COPII

A

anterograde Golgi to golgi or ER to Golgi

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15
Q

Clathrin

A

trans-Golgi to lysosomes

plasma membrane to endosomes for receptor mediated endocytosis (LDL-R activity)

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16
Q

Organelle to catabolize very-long-chain-FAs, branched chain FA and AA

A

peroxisome

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17
Q

Proteasome

A

Barrel-shaped protein complex that degrades damaged of ubiquitin-tagged proteins
defects are implicated in Parkinson

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18
Q

Dynein

A

retrograde to microtubule + to (-)

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19
Q

Kinesin

A

anterograde to microtubule (-) to +

20
Q

Mebendazole

A

anti-helminthic acts on MTs

21
Q

Griseofulvin

A

anti-fungal that acts on MTs

22
Q

Colchicine

A

anti-gout that acts on MT assembly, decreases leukocyte migration
S/E: diarrhea, Liver toxicity and myelosuppression

23
Q

Vincristine

A

anti-cancer, inhibit formation of MTs by binding beta-tubulin, S/E is neurotoxicity

24
Q

Vinblastine

A

anti-cancer, inhibits formation of MTs by binding beta-tubulin, S/E is BM suppression

25
Q

Paclitaxel

A

anti-cancer, hyperstabilized microtubule polymer.

Mphase specific

26
Q

Kartagener Syndrome

A

primary ciliary dyskinesia
dynein arm defect therefore immotile cilia
infertility
increased risk of ectopic pregnancy
can cause: bronchiecstasis, recurrent sinusitis and situs inversus

27
Q

Ergosterol

A

in fungal membranes

28
Q

Stain Vimentin

A

Connective Tissue

29
Q

Stain Desmin

A

Muscle

30
Q

Stain Cytokeratin

A

Epithelial Cells

31
Q

Stain GFAP

A

Neuroglia

32
Q

Stain Neurofilaments

A

neurons

33
Q

Sodium-Potassium Pump

A

for each ATP consumed, 3Na out, 2K come in

34
Q

Ouabain

A

inhibits Na/K pump by binding to K site

35
Q

Use of digoxin

A

Atrial Fibrillation and CHF
directly inhibits Na/K-ATPase leading to indirect inhibition of Na/Ca exchange to increase calcium and increase contractility

36
Q

Type I collagen

A

Most Common

bone, skin, tendon, dentin, fascia, cornea, late wound repair

37
Q

type I collagen defect

A

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

38
Q

Type II Collagen

A

Cartilage, vitreous body, nucleus pulposus

39
Q

Type III Collagen

A

Reticulin - skin, blood vessels, uterus, fetal tissue, granulation tissue

40
Q

Defect in type II collagen

A

vascular type of Ehlers-Danlos

41
Q

Type IV Collagen

A

Basement Membrane, Basal Lamina, Lens

42
Q

Defect in Type IV Collagen

A

Alport

if autoantibodies to it - Goodpasture Syndrome

43
Q

Gly-X-Y

A

X and Y are proline or lysine
for collagen
collagen is 1/3 glycine

44
Q

Scurvy

A

Deficiency of vitamin C

hydroxylation of specific proline and lysine residues

45
Q

Problems forming triple helix

A

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

46
Q

multiple fractures with minimal trauma, blue sclera, hearing loss, dental imperfections

A

Osteogenisis imperfecta type I

47
Q

Funniest Black and white duo TV show

A

Psych

First Aid Biochemistry (5 decks)

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