Cells191 (L1-L10) Flashcards
1
Q
Levels of Carbs (4)
A
- monosaccharides (one): simplest sugar
- disaccharides (two)
- oligosaccharides (3-10)
- polysaccharides (10>)
2
Q
Odd Macromolecule
A
Lipids - non-polymeric (not made of monomers) AND are hydrophobic
3
Q
Monomers -> Macromolecules (4)
A
- Amino acids –> proteins
- Nucleobases –> Nucleic acids (DNA + RNA)
- Simple carbs –> Complex carbs
- Glycerol + fatty acids –> Lipids
4
Q
Carbs Function (3)
A
- Recognition
- Store/produce energy (e.g., glucose converted into energy)
- Structure (e.g., cellulose in plants help strengthen/maintain cell wall)
5
Q
Nucleotide Bases (4 + 1)
A
- Thymine
- Adenine
- Cytosine
- Guanine
- Uracil (in RNA)
6
Q
Protein Function (2)
A
Helps repair & build body’s tissues
7
Q
Components of Nucleotide (3)
A
- Phosphate
- Sugar
- Base
8
Q
Lipids (fats & oils) Functions (3)
A
- Structural wall in cell membrane
- Regulatory
- Energy
9
Q
Differences between RNA & DNA
A
RNA: One long chain + 2nd carbon has hydroxyl group + Uracil base
DNA: Double chain + 2nd carbon has hydrogen
10
Q
Plasma Membrane
A
Separates inside of cell from
outside (protects cells interior contents) AND acts as a semi-permeable barrier.
11
Q
Membrane Proteins Functions (5)
A
- Signal Transduction (relays messages from body/environment into cell i.e., grow, divide, move, make etc.)
- Cell Recognition
- Intercellular Joining (forming connections between cells)
- Links Cytoskeleton & Extracellular Matrix (cell links w/ protein structures to outside cell)
- Membrane Transport (allows molecules to move across membrane passively/actively)
12
Q
Diffusion
A
Random motion of molecules moving from high conc. to low conc.
13
Q
Extracellular Matrix
A
14
Q
Cytoskeleton
A
15
Q
Mitochondrion
A
