cells unit one Flashcards
what is respiration?
respiration is releasing energy from food
what is photosynthesis?
photosynthesis is making food from sunlight
what is binary fission?
binary fission is how an amoeba reproduces
what is diffusion?
diffusion is when substances move in and out of a cell
state 2 differences between animal and plant cells?
animal cell hasn’t got a cell wall, or a permanent vacuole
what stores the genetic material in a cell?
nucleus
where does respiration take place?
mitochondria
what is the function of cytoplasm?
cytoplasm is the jelly-like substance where chemical reactions take place
what is the cell membrane?
the cell membrane is the barrier around the cell that lets substances move across it
explain why red blood cells and root hair cells each need a large surface area?
red blood cells need to absorb oxygen and root hair cells need to absorb water
compare the adaptations of red blood cells and root hair cells to make a large surface area?
red blood cells are disc shaped and have no nucleus, root hair cells have an extension, and also have carriers/transporters in the root hair
permanent vacuole role?
the sap inside the permanent vacuole provides support for the cell
mitochondria function?
mitochondria contain enzymes that carry out aerobic respiration
function of chloroplasts?
chloroplasts contain enzymes that carry out photosynthesis
name the parts found in both plant and animal cells?
both have chloroplasts, cell wall and cytoplasm
explain the function of the nucleus, exam response:
controls the cells activities and contains the genetic material (DNA), of the cell arranged as chromosomes
state the equation for calculating the total magnification of a microscope?
total magnification = eyepiece lens magnification x objective lens magnification
name three specialised animal cells, other than red blood cells, and state the function of each?
name three specialised animal cells, other than red blood cells, and state the function of each?
explain the function of the mitochondria, exam response?
mitochondria contain enzymes that carry out aerobic respiration
describe the role of staining in microscopy?
staining allows us to view colourless specimens and highlight different structures or tissues
name the type(s) of cells that have a cell wall made of cellulose
plant and algal cells
Name three specialised plant cells and state the function of each.
a. Root hair cells absorb water and mineral ions from the soil, b. Xylem cells transport water and dissolved minerals, c. Phloem cells transport dissolved nutrients such as sugars.
what is a cell wall made of and what does this do for it?
cell wall is made of cellulose which strengthens it
what do eukaryotic cells mean?
eukaryotic means the cell contains a nucleus
whats inside the vacuole?
inside the vacuole is cell sap
what do ribosomes do?
makes proteins
are bacteria cells eukaryotic?
no as they do not contain a nucleus
3 things unique to a plant cell?
chloroplasts, cell wall and vacuole
stain used on plant cell?
iodine for plant cell
