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UNiT 3:Anatomy and Physilogy for health and social care (exam revision) > Cells, Tissues and body organs > Flashcards

Cells, Tissues and body organs Flashcards

1
Q

cells function: Respiration

A

Cells require and absorb oxygen to produce heat and energy

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2
Q

cells function: Growth

A

Cells grow to maturity by manufacturing proteins. they may then divide or specialsie

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3
Q

cells function: Excretion

A

Waste products oass out throght the cell membrane

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4
Q

Cell function: Irritability

A

Cells can respond to a physical, chemical or thermal stimulus

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5
Q

Cell membrane

A

an outer coating which transports substances into and out of the cell

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6
Q

Nucleus

A

The control centre of the cell, regulating its general and specialist function.

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7
Q

Ribosomes

A

Made RNA and protein, they manufacture other proteins

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8
Q

rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum

A

this manufactures, stores, and transports material within and outside of the cell.

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9
Q

Mitochondria

A

situated in the cytoplasm, these supply the cell’s energy source

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10
Q

Centrioles

A

Essential for cell division

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11
Q

Lysosomes

A

Contain enzymes that digest worn-out parts of the cell for recycling and elimination of waste products

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12
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

modifies and stores manufactured protein and transports it out of the cell

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13
Q

Genes

A

coded instructions for making proteins and for cell function.

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14
Q

The functions of connective tissue

A

-to provide structural support such as for bones and cartilage in the skeletal system
-to protect -the skull protects the brain
-to transports substances in the blood
-to insulate

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15
Q

The main types of connective tissue are:

A

Cartilage
Adipose
Areolar
Bone
Blood

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16
Q

Epithelial tissues

A

Epithelial tissue cover the body and line cavities, hollow organs, and tube. and also found in glands of the endocrine system

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17
Q

The functions of the epithelial tissues are:

A

-protect underlying structures
-secrete
-absorb

18
Q

Simple types of epithelial tissues:

A

-simple cuboidal
-simple squamous
-simple columnar
-cilliated

19
Q

simple compound epithelium

A

consists of several layers of cells, the outer layer of which may be worn away.

20
Q

Keratinized compound epithelium

A

like our skin, the outer layers of cells are dead, flattened, and filled with a protein called keratin. this gives the tissue a waterproof outer layer.

21
Q

Striated (skeletal or voluntary) tissue

A

under conscious control, enabling us to move our bones

22
Q

Non-striated(smooth or involountary)

A

tissue is concerned with many internal body processes and functions such as peristalsis in the digestive system.

23
Q

cardiac tissue

A

found only in the heart wall.it is not under conscious control and never tires

24
Q

Contractability

A

the ability to shorten and thicken

25
Q

Extensibility

A

the abilty to strech

26
Q

Elasticity

A

the ability to return to its original shape following contraction

27
Q

Neurons

A

-specialised nerve cell that receives stimuli, converts it to a nerve impulse and transits this to other neurons, muscles, and glands.
-consists of cell body, an axon and many dendrites

28
Q

Neuroglia

A

-support and protect the neurons
-small and more numerous than neurones

29
Q

Brain

A

S: in the skull
F:the nervous centre that controls all life functions

30
Q

Skin

A

A protective layer on the outer surface of the body

31
Q

Heart

A

S: situated in the central chest area
F: circulates the blood to all tissues, which is essential for life.

32
Q

Lungs

A

S: located on either side of the heart.
F:make the exchange of gases during respiration

33
Q

Liver

A

S: in the upper right of the abdomen
f: involved in digestion and excretion of waste products

34
Q

Pancreas

A

S: behind the stomach
F:secretes vital digestive enzymes

35
Q

Stomach

A

S: around the midline of the body, slightly to the left.
F: important in digestion

36
Q

Large intestine

A

where water reabsorption takes place

37
Q

Small intestine

A

where the main food reabsorption takes place

38
Q

Kidneys

A

s: on either side of the body, above and slightly behind the large intestine.
F: secrete urine, which is collected and stored in the bladder ready for excretion.

39
Q

Uterus and ovaries

A

S:situated in the lower of the abdomen
F:involved in reproduction

40
Q

Testes

A

S: in the groin
F:secrete testosterone and produce sperm

UNiT 3:Anatomy and Physilogy for health and social care (exam revision) (1 decks)

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