Cells Study Guide

Question 1

How many characteristics of living things are there?

Answer 1

7

Question 2

What are all living things made of?

Answer 2

Cells

Question 3

What are the three important observations about cells called?
(in total)

Answer 3

The Cell Theory

Question 4

What are the three principles of the cell theory?

Answer 4

1.All living things are made up of one or more cell
2. Cells are the smallest unit of life
3. All new cells come from cells that already exist

Question 5

What is the process that all new cells come from cells that already exist called?

Answer 5

Cell division

Question 6

What are unicellular organisms?

Answer 6

Living things made up of one cell.

Question 7

What are multicellular organisms?

Answer 7

Living things that are made up of 2 or more cells

Question 8

What are the 7 characteristics of living things?

Answer 8

1. Living things are organized
2. Living things grow and develop
3. Living things reproduce
4. Living things respond to stimuli
5. Living things maintain internal conditions
6. Living things use energy

Question 9

What do all living things need to survive?

Answer 9

Energy

Question 10

What are the two main types of cells?

Answer 10

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells

Question 11

What characteristics do prokaryotic cells have that eukaryotic cells do not have?

Answer 11

1. They are smaller than eukaryotic cells
2. They have fewer parts in their cells
3. Most prokaryotes are unicellular
4. They have bacteria cells and archaea cells.

Question 12

What characteristics do eukaryotic cells have that prokaryotic cells do not?

Answer 12

1. Eukaryotes have genetic material surrounded by a lining
2. Eukaryotes have membrane bound organelles
3. They have animal cells, plant cells, protists and fungi cells

Question 13

Note: Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus and their genetic material is found floating in the cytoplasm

Answer 13

Note: Prokaryotes can be divided into Bacteria and Archaea. Archaea can be found in extreme environments.

Question 14

What are the three shapes that Bacteria come in?

Answer 14

1. Sphere’s called coccus
2. Rod shaped called bacillus
3. Spiral shaped called spirillum

Question 15

What bacteria causes strep throat and what shape is it in?

Answer 15

Salmonella and it is an oval shape

Question 16

What are the oldest life forms on earth?

Answer 16

Archaea cells

Question 17

What type of bacteria causes food poisoning?

Answer 17

Salmonella

Question 18

What part of the bacteria cells helps it stick to surfaces?

Answer 18

The pilus

Question 19

What are two foods that Bacteria help make?

Answer 19

Cheese and yogurt

Question 20

What does decompose mean?

Answer 20

To break down

Question 21

What is the control center of the bacteria cell?

Answer 21

DNA

Question 22

What part of the bacteria cell helps it move?

Answer 22

The flagella

Question 23

Where do Archaea live?

Answer 23

In extreme environments

Question 24

What do prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells have in common?

Answer 24

1. DNA
2. Ribosomes
3. Cytoplasms
4. Cell membrane

Question 25

What is the cell membrane's function?

Answer 25

It controls what substances come into and out of a cell. It also surrounds the cell and has pores.

Question 26

What is a cell wall's function?

Answer 26

- made of cellulose - Gives support and structure to the cell - it is the outermost layer

Question 27

What is a chloroplasts function?

Answer 27

It converts sunlight to energy. It is used for photosynthesis. It is in plant cells and it contains chlorophyll.

Question 28

What is a chromosome/chromatin function?

Answer 28

It directs the activities of a cell, passes on DNA and is a rod structure.

Question 29

What is a cytoplasm function?

Answer 29

It cushions and protects the internal organelles. It is a gel-like material.

Question 30

What is the function for an endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 30

They are clear tubular passageways that carry protein throughout the cells.

Question 31

What is the function for a golgi body?

Answer 31

It receives, packages and distributes protein and other materials.

Question 32

What is a lysosome's function?

Answer 32

It digests harmful particles and cleans the cell.

Question 33

What is the function for a mitochondria?

Answer 33

It creates energy for the cell.

Question 34

What is the function for a nuclear membrane?

Answer 34

It is a thin membrane that separates the nucleus from the rest of the cell. It allows materials in and out through pores.

Question 35

What is the function for a nucleolus?

Answer 35

A nucleolus is made up of RNA and protein. It is where ribosomes are made

Question 36

What is the nucleus's function?

Answer 36

It is the control center for the cell.

Question 37

What is a ribosome's function?

Answer 37

It is the protein making site of the cell.

Question 38

What is a vacuole's function?

Answer 38

It is a storage sac. It holds water and enzymes.

Question 39

What tool do we use to be able to see cells?

Answer 39

microscopes

Question 40

What is the definition of an organelle?

Answer 40

A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within a cell