CELLS QUIZ Flashcards
Cell
The smallest biological unit capable of carrying out all of the fundamental activities of life. The basic unit of structure and function of any living thing.
Cell Membrane
The thin, flexible layer that surrounds a cell and which controls all that enters and leaves the cell
Cell Wall
In plant and bacterial cells, the outermost non-living cellulose layer that surrounds the entire cell, including the cell membrane
Centriole
In animal cells, a structure outside the nucleus that organizes the spindle fibers during cell reproduction.
Centrosome
Another name for the centriole
Chlorophyll
A green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plant cells that is essential for photosynthesis
Chloroplasts
The chlorophyll-containing organelles found in the cytoplasm of plant and algae cells
Chromatin
The coils of DNA and protein that condense to form chromosomes. Chromatin can be thought of as chromosomes with no distinct shape
Chromosomes
Distinct worm-like cell structures formed from chromatin during cell reproduction
Contractile Vacuoles
Large sacs found in the cells of certain protozoans that remove the water that has accumulated inside the cell by pumping it to the outside of the cell
Cilia
Hairlike structures found on the outside of certain cells. The protozoans called ciliates use cilia to propel themselves through the water in which they live.
Cytoplasm
That part of a cell’s protoplasm that lies outside of its nucleus
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
A large and very complex biochemical that stores the information need to construct proteins and that carries the genetic information about an organism
DNA
The abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid
Endoplasmic Rectilium
The intricate systems of tubes leading from the nuclear membrane into the cytoplasm that is involved in transporting proteins
