Cells Quiz #1

Question 1

ATP

Answer 1

a molecule that provides energy for cellular processes

Question 2

Bacteria

Answer 2

unicellular organisms that contain cell walls and ribosomes but do not contain
a nuclear membrane around their genetic material or other organelles common to plant
and animal cells.

Question 3

Carbon Dioxide

Answer 3

a colorless, odorless gas that is produced during respiration and
combustion (burning).

Question 4

cell

Answer 4

the smallest structural and functional unit of all organisms that is said to be alive.

Question 5

cellular respiration

Answer 5

a process by which energy is released from food.

Question 6

compound light microscope

Answer 6

an instrument used to magnify small objects. Two or more
lenses (an eye piece and one of several objective lenses) collect light and bend it to
create the larger image.

Question 7

eukaryote

Answer 7

an organism in which the genetic material inside of cells is contained within a distinct nucleus.

Question 8

multicellular

Answer 8

consisting of many cells.

Question 9

muscle cell

Answer 9

a long, contractile cell that forms the muscles of the body.

Question 10

neuron

Answer 10

a cell that is able to transmit nerve impulses (signals) from one part of the body to another.

Question 11

organelle

Answer 11

a cell structure that performs a specific function.

Question 12

photosynthesis

Answer 12

the process by which light energy is used to combine water and
carbon dioxide to produce glucose and oxygen.

Question 13

prokaryote

Answer 13

single celled organisms that do not contain distinct nuclear membranes around their genetic material. Bacteria is an example of this.

Question 14

protist

Answer 14

eukaryotic organisms that are neither fungi, plants nor animals.

Question 15

red blood cell

Answer 15

a cell that uses hemoglobin to carry oxygen to the cells and tissues of the body. Also carries carbon dioxide back to the respiratory organs

Question 16

root hair cell

Answer 16

a cell found in the roots of plants that absorbs water and nutrients from
the soil.

Question 17

tissue

Answer 17

a group of similar cells that work together to carry out a specific function.

Question 18

unicellular

Answer 18

consisting of a single cell.

Question 19

white blood cell

Answer 19

– Cells in the blood that protect against invading pathogens.

Question 20

cell wall

Answer 20

surrounds the plant cell and maintains cell shape and structure plant cell only

Question 21

cell membrane

Answer 21

controls what goes in and out of the cell

Question 22

cytoplasm

Answer 22

gel-like fluid that supports the cell organelles and holds them in place

Question 23

nucleus

Answer 23

the control center for the cell

Question 24

endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

Answer 24

place where materials are processed and moved around inside the cell

Question 25

golgi bodies

Answer 25

packages and transmits cellular material throughout the cell

Question 26

vacuoles

Answer 26

storage space for waste, water, food, and other cellular material

Question 27

mitochondria

Answer 27

the powerhouse of the cell; breaks down food to make energy for the cell

Question 28

lysosome

Answer 28

digestion and waste removal

Question 29

chloroplast

Answer 29

makes for the plant cells plant cells only