Cells: Prokaryotic Structure And Sub-Cellular Organism Functions

Question 1

Fibriae

Answer 1

Thin, short appendages found on the surface of bacteria that aid in adherence to surfaces or other cells

Question 2

Cell wall

Answer 2

Contains murein, a glycoprotein

Question 3

Cell wall

Answer 3

Contains murein, a glycoprotein

Question 4

Binary Fission

Answer 4

Binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction in which a single organism divides into two parts, each part growing into a new organism. It is also how prokaryotic cells divide: The process involves replication of circular DNA and plasmids and division of the cytoplasm to produce two daughter cells, each with a single copy of the circular DNA

Question 5

Binary Fission

Answer 5

Binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction in which a single organism divides into two parts, each part growing into a new organism. It is also how prokaryotic cells divide: The process involves replication of circular DNA and plasmids and division of the cytoplasm to produce two daughter cells, each with a single copy of the circular DNA

Question 6

Mesosomes

Answer 6

In-foldings of the cell membrane that provide a large surface area for the attachment of the enzymes involved in respiration

Question 7

Plasmids

Answer 7

A small loop of DNA which only carries a few genes

Question 8

Nucleus

Answer 8

No nucleus: instead there is a single circular DNA free in the cytoplasm which is not protein bound (nucleoid)

Question 9

Capsule

Answer 9

A slimy layer made of protein. This prevents the bacteria from desiccating (drying out) and protects the bacteria against the host immune system

Question 10

Ribosomes

Answer 10

Smaller ribosomes are found in Prokaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts: 70s

Question 11

Flagella

Answer 11

Rotates to enable the bacteria to move. Found in prokaryotic cells: may be one or more

Question 12

Pili

Answer 12

Hair-like structures on the surface of some bacterial cells used for attachment and conjugation