cells pages 4-6a on notes Flashcards
Cytoskeleton
A structure found in plant and animal cells.
Maintains cell shape, facilitates cell movement, aids in intracellular transport.
Centriole (Centrosome)
Structures normally found in animal cells, not in plant cells.
Involved in animal cell reproduction, aids the cell in division.
Golgi Body (Apparatus/Complex)
The structure of the cell that prepares and packages proteins for use within the cell or shipment outside the cell.
Modifies, sorts, packages, and ships proteins.
Mitochondria
Cellular respiration occurs in this organelle because it produces energy ATP for cell activities.
Known as the powerhouse of the cell.
Lysosome
Structures that contain digestive enzymes, responsible for destroying old organelles that cannot function.
Breaks down carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids into small molecules.
Peroxisome
A modified vesicle that gets rid of free radicals in the cell, breaks down hydrogen peroxide to get rid of toxins.
Creates hydrogen peroxide to eliminate toxins.
Nucleus
Known as the brain or control center of the cell and has genes.
Contains genetic material and controls cell activities.
Nucleolus
Located inside the nucleus, involved in making ribosomes in the cell.
Known as the double membrane surrounding the nucleus.
Nuclear Membrane (Envelope)
Controls what enters and leaves the nucleus.
Acts as a protective barrier for the nucleus.
Ribosome
Assembles/synthesizes proteins produced in the cell.
Involved in protein synthesis.
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid.
Known as the genetic code.
RNA
Ribonucleic acid.
Involved in creating proteins via translation.
Vesicle
A storage area inside of a cell.
May store water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates.
Rough ER
Covered with ribosomes and functions in protein synthesis.
Called “rough” because it looks bumpy.
Smooth ER
Not covered with ribosomes and functions in lipid synthesis.
Known as smooth like butter.
