Cells: organelles Flashcards
Organelles specific to plant cells only:
- cell wall
- plasmodesmata
- chloroplasts
- large permanent vacuole
Organelles specific to animals cells only:
- lysosomes
- centrioles
- vesicles
NUCLEUS
contains the DNA which codes for proteins
NUCLEOLUS
synthesis of rRNA
NUCLEAR PORE
allows transport of mRNA out of the nucleus
NUCLEAR ENVELOPE
separates the cytoplasm and DNA
CELL MEMBRANE
plasma membrane controlling the exit and entry of molecules as it is selectively permeable
CYTOPLASM
jelly-like substance holding organelles and dissolved substances and is the site of cellular reactions
SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (SER)
synthesis and transport of lipids
ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (RER)
a system of flattened sacs continuous with the nuclear envelope with attached 80s ribosomes that transports proteins
MITOCHONDRIA (sg. mitochondrion)
site of aerobic respiration and ATP synthesis
GOLGI BODY
- chemically modifies proteins
- produces lysosomes and glycoproteins
- packages proteins for exocytosis
CENTRIOLES
used in spindle formation in cellular divisions
RIBOSOMES
protein synthesis
LYSOSOMES
small temporary vacuoles that contain and isolate hydrolytic enzymes
CHLOROPLASTS
site of photosynthesis
VESICLES
small membrane-bound vacuoles that maintain osmotic pressure
LARGE PERMANENT VACUOLE
bound in a tonoplast that stores ions and organic molecules
CELL WALL
water permeable polysaccharide matrix providing strength and support
PLASMODESMATA (sg. plasmodesma)
narrow thread of cytoplasm passing through cell walls for exchange of large organic molecules via cytoplasmic streaming and for cellular communication
