Cells: Neoplasia

Question 1

What is Neoplasia?

Answer 1

Abnormal cell growth
Uncoordiatned/unregulated proliferation
Persists without stimulus

Question 2

How can you detect neoplasia?

Answer 2

Forms a mass

Question 3

What are the features of a benign tumour?

Answer 3

Slow growth rate
Smooth/encapsualted border
Confined by basement membrane
Smooth and roudn shape
well differentiated
treat surgically
recurrence low
prognosis good

Question 4

What are the features of a malignant tumour

Answer 4

Fast growth rate
irreglaur border
invasive locally and spreads far
spiculate/asymmetrical shape
poorly differentiated
Treated via surgery/radiotherapy/chemo/immunotherapy
high chance of recurrence
prognosis often bad

Question 5

Name 5 benign epithelial type tumour and the meaning of the prefixes

Answer 5

Adenoma - glandular
Papilloma - epithelial cells (papill - nipple like projection)
Osteoma - bone
Leiomyoma - smooth muscle of uterus
Angioma - blood/lymphatic vessels

Question 6

what does OMA suffix mean?

Answer 6

Benign mass

Question 7

What does CARCINOMA suffix mean?

Answer 7

Malignant mass

Question 8

Name 6 Malignant tumours and the meaning of the prefixes?

Answer 8

Adenocarcinoma - glandular
Squamous cell carninoma - over prodcution of squamous cells
leiomyosarcoma - smoot muscle of uterus
Leukemia - blood
lymphoma - immune system
Melanoma - skin

Question 9

name 3 OMAs that arent neoplastic and describe what they are

Answer 9

Granuloma - collections of white blood cells
Xanthoma - skin legions full of cholestrol and fat
atheroma - fatty build up in arteries

Question 10

Dysplasia is?

Answer 10

Abnormal cell growth, uncoordinated and continues without stimulus,

A disorder of cell growth due to acquired mutations

A form of pre-cancer which may turn into a malignant neoplasm

Question 11

Malignant Neoplasm is?

Answer 11

Abnormal cell growth, uncoordinated and continues without stimulus

A disorder of cell growth due to acquired mutations

Invades and spreads

Question 12

Neoplasia is?

Answer 12

Abnormal cell growth, uncoordinated and continues without stimulus,

A disorder of cell growth due to acquired mutations

Question 13

Name 4 ways cancer can spread?

Answer 13

Locally
Lymphatically
Haematogenously
Trans-coelomically (through a body cavity)

Question 14

Name 4 examples of where cancer spreads too

Answer 14

Brain
Liver
Lung
Bone

Question 15

What 4 things does cancer do?

Answer 15

Destroys normal tissue
bleeds easily
uses lots of energy
Undergoes necrosis if energy runs out

Question 16

What are the two types of cancer manifestation?

Answer 16

Direct (pain/hameorraghe/loss of function)
Distant (venous thrombosis/cachexia/paraneoplastic syndrome)