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Science Vocab > Cells, Heredity, and Classification > Flashcards

Cells, Heredity, and Classification Flashcards

0
Q

prophase

A

nuclear membrane dissolves

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1
Q

interphase

A

befor mitosis begins chromosomes are copied

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2
Q

metaphase

A

chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell. Homologous chromosomes pair up.

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3
Q

anaphase

A

Chromatids separate and move to opposite sides of the cell.

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4
Q

telophase

A

nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes, and the chromosomes unwind. Mitosis is complete.

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5
Q

cytokinesis

A

Cells that lack a cell wall. Splits into 2.
exocytosis- Process is which a cell releases a particle by closing the particle in a vessel. then moves to the cell surface and fuses with the cell membrane.

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6
Q

photosynthesis

A

When plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make food.

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7
Q

What is the Formica for photosynthesis

A

carbon dioxide + water + sunlight → glucose + oxygen

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8
Q

chromosome

A

One of the structures in the nucleus That are made up of DNA and protein.

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9
Q

cellular respiration

A

cells use oxygen to produce food

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10
Q

Formula for cellular respiration

A

glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energy

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11
Q

fermentation

A

fermentation­ the breaking down of food without the use of oxygen

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12
Q

Gregor Mendel

A

Gregor Mendel­ the founder of new science genetics who worked with pea plants

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13
Q

dominant trait

A

dominant trait­ the trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred

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14
Q

recessive trait

A

recessive trait­ trait that is apparent only when two recessive alleles are inherited

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15
Q

genes

A

genes­ one set of instructions for an inherited trait

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16
Q

heredity

A

heredity­ the passing of genetic traits from parents to offspring

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17
Q

cross pollinating

A

cross pollinating­ fertilization br transfer of pollen

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18
Q

self pollinating

A

self pollinating­ fertilization through pollination of the same flower

19
Q

chromosome

A

chromosome­ in a eukaryotic cell, one of the structures in the nucleus, made of DNA

20
Q

sex chromosome

A

sex chromosome­ One pair of chromosomes that determine the gender of an individual

21
Q

generations

A

generations­ the act of producing offspring

22
Q

Punnett Square

A

Punnett Square­ used to organize all the possible offspring of offspring from particular parents

23
Q

homozygous

A

homozygous­ the same

24
Q

heterozygous

A

heterozygous­ -different

25
Q

genotype

A

genotype- an entire genetic makeup of an organism

26
Q

phenotype

A

phenotype- an organism’s appearance or other detectable appearance

27
Q

taxonomy

A

taxonomy- the science of describing, naming, and classifying organisms

28
Q

pedigree

A

pedigree- a diagram of family members traits

29
Q

classification

A

classification- putting things into orderly groups based on similar characteristics

30
Q

Carolus Linneaus

A

Carolus Linneaus- came up with ways to classify animals

31
Q

scientific name

A

scientific name- 2 part name. Genus-Species

32
Q

dichotomous key

A

dichotomous key- is an identification aid that used sequential pairs and descriptive statements

33
Q

archaea

A

archaea- domain with two kinds of prokaryotes (archaea are the only thing in this domain) Live in extreme environments

34
Q

bacteria

A

bacteria- domain with prokaryotes (bacteria is the only thing in this domain)

35
Q

protista

A

protista-kingdom of single-celled or simple multicellular organisms. In the domain Eukarya. Examples of protists: slime mold, algae, euglenoids

36
Q

fungi

A

fungi- molds and mushrooms

37
Q

plantae

A

plantae- organisms that make food through photosynthesis

38
Q

animalia

A

animalia- kingdon made up of complex multicellular organisms that lack cell walls can usually move around and quickly respond to their environment

39
Q

unicellular

A

unicellular- organism that is made up of a single cell

40
Q

multicellular

A

multicellular- many cells

41
Q

autotrophs

A

autotrophs- get their energy from sunlight

42
Q

heterotrophs

A

heterotrophs- get their energy from plants

43
Q

cell cycle

A

cell cycle- interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinsesis

44
Q

Mitosis makes up

A

Mitosis makes up - prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Fill out and be able to read a Punnett Square

45
Q

7 levels of classification

A

domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
Make a cladogram (branching diagram

46
Q

Know the 6 kingdoms

A

Know the 6 kingdoms - archea, bacteria, protista, fungi, plantae, animalia

Science Vocab (4 decks)

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