Cells Glossary

Question 1

Active site

Answer 1

A specific shaped part of an enzyme where the substrate fits

Question 2

Active transport

Answer 2

The movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high which requires energy.

Question 3

Aerobic respiration

Answer 3

Respiration in the presence of oxygen

Question 4

Anabolic enzyme

Answer 4

An enzyme that takes small molecules and joins them together

Question 5

Anaerobic respiration

Answer 5

Respiration with limited oxygen

Question 6

Catabolic enzyme

Answer 6

An enzyme which takes large molecules and breaks them up

Question 7

Cell wall

Answer 7

Rigid layer of cells found only in plants

Question 8

Chlorophyll

Answer 8

Pigment found in plants which gives the plant its green colour

Question 9

Choroplast

Answer 9

Site of photosynthesis

Question 10

Cristae

Answer 10

Part of mitochondria (the folds) where the electron transfer chain occurs

Question 11

Denature

Answer 11

The changing in the shape of the active site of an enzyme, so the substrate can no longer fit - caused by high temperatures and incorrect pH

Question 12

Deoxyribose nucleic acid

Answer 12

Full name for DNA

Question 13

Diffusion

Answer 13

The movement of materials from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 14

DNA replication

Answer 14

The copying of DNA before the cell divides

Question 15

Enzymes

Answer 15

Biological catalysts which speed up biochemical reactions in an organism

Question 16

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 16

A form of passive transport where molecules move across the cell membrame through the membrane proteins

Question 17

Flaccid

Answer 17

A cell that is limp and floppy

Question 18

G1 of cell cycle

Answer 18

The stage in the cell cycle where the cell grows and does its job.

Question 19

G2 of cell cycle

Answer 19

The stage in the cell cycle where the replicated chromosomes are checked for mistakes.

Question 20

Golgi body

Answer 20

Part of a cell where proteins are modified and packaged.

Question 21

Grana

Answer 21

Part of chloroplast where the light stage occurs

Question 22

Hypertonic solution

Answer 22

A solution with a high concentration of solute, therefore a low concentration of water.