Cells & Cell Structure

Question 1

What is the basic unit of structure and function of all living things?

Answer 1

The cell

Question 2

What is the smallest living thing in the human organism?

Answer 2

The cell
Cells are the fundamental building blocks of life.

Question 3

What are all living structures in the human body made of?

Answer 3

Cells

Cells form the basis of all biological structures.

Question 4

How many different types of cells are there in the human body?

Answer 4

Hundreds

Each type of cell has a specific function.

Question 5

What varies among the different types of cells in the human body?

Answer 5

Shape

The variation in shape is linked to their specific functions.

Question 6

What is the size of a small granular cell found in the brain?

Answer 6

4 ųm

This size indicates the diversity of cell sizes in the body.

Question 7

What is the size of an oocyte in females?

Answer 7

100 ųm

The oocyte is significantly larger than many other cell types.

Question 8

What is the term for the great toe?

Answer 8

Hallux

Hallux is commonly referred to as the big toe.

Question 9

What does ‘Oculus’ refer to?

Answer 9

Eye (orbital or ocular)

Oculus relates to the eye or vision.

Question 10

What is the meaning of ‘Bucca’?

Answer 10

Cheek (buccal)

Bucca refers to the cheek area.

Question 11

What anatomical term refers to the ear?

Answer 11

Auris (otic)

Auris is the Latin term for the ear.

Question 12

What is the Latin term for the nose?

Answer 12

Nasus (nasal)

Nasus relates to the nasal area.

Question 13

What does ‘Cervicis’ refer to?

Answer 13

Neck (cervical)

Cervicis pertains to the cervical region.

Question 14

What is the term for the chest?

Answer 14

Thorcis or thorax (thoracic)

Thorax is commonly used to describe the chest area.

Question 15

What does ‘Mamma’ refer to?

Answer 15

Breast (mammary)

Mamma is the Latin term for the breast.

Question 16

What is the anatomical term for the abdomen?

Answer 16

Abdomen (abdominal)

Abdomen refers to the area between the chest and pelvis.

Question 17

What is the term for the navel?

Answer 17

Umbilicus (umbilical)

Umbilicus is commonly known as the belly button.

Question 18

What does ‘Coxal’ refer to?

Answer 18

Hip

Coxal relates to the hip area.

Question 19

What is the term for the pelvic area?

Answer 19

Pelvis (pelvic)

Pelvis refers to the structure at the base of the spine.

Question 20

What does ‘Inguen’ or ‘grain’ refer to?

Answer 20

Inguinal

Inguen pertains to the groin area.

Question 21

What is the anatomical term for the pubic region?

Answer 21

Rubis (pubic)

Rubis is related to the pubic area.

Question 22

What does ‘Acromial’ refer to?

Answer 22

Shoulder

Acromial is the term for the shoulder region.

Question 23

What is the term for the back?

Answer 23

Dorsum (dorsal)

Dorsum refers to the back surface of the body.

Question 24

What does ‘Brachium’ refer to?

Answer 24

Arm (brachial)

Brachium is the Latin term for the arm.

Question 25

What is the term for the back of the elbow?

Answer 25

Olecranon (olecranal) ## Footnote Olecranon refers specifically to the bony prominence of the elbow.

Question 26

What does 'Lumbus' refer to?

Answer 26

Loin (lumbar) ## Footnote Lumbus pertains to the lower back area.

Question 27

What is the anatomical term for the sacrum?

Answer 27

Sacrum (sacral) ## Footnote Sacrum is a triangular bone at the base of the spine.

Question 28

What does 'Antebrachium' refer to?

Answer 28

Forearm (antebrachial) ## Footnote Antebrachium pertains to the forearm area.

Question 29

What is the Latin term for the hand?

Answer 29

Manus (manual) ## Footnote Manus relates to the hand.

Question 30

What does 'Gluteus' refer to?

Answer 30

Buttock (gluteal) ## Footnote Gluteus pertains to the gluteal region.

Question 31

What is the term for the thigh?

Answer 31

Femur (femoral) ## Footnote Femur is the long bone in the thigh.

Question 32

What does 'Popliteus' refer to?

Answer 32

Back of knee (popliteal) ## Footnote Popliteus is the area behind the knee.

Question 33

What is the term for the calf?

Answer 33

Sura (sural) ## Footnote Sura refers to the back portion of the lower leg.

Question 34

What does 'Calcaneus' refer to?

Answer 34

Heel of foot (calcaneal) ## Footnote Calcaneus is the bone that forms the heel.

Question 35

What is the term for the sole of the foot?

Answer 35

Planta (plantar) ## Footnote Planta refers to the underside of the foot.

Question 36

Movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane

Answer 36

Osmosis

Question 37

These organelles serve as a supporting framework

Answer 37

Microtubules

Question 38

These tiny particles are the site of protein synthesis

Answer 38

Ribosomes

Question 39

Similar in appearance to the endoplasmic reticulum. Serves to process and concentrate the cell's secretory products

Answer 39

Golgi Apparatus

Question 40

Cellular organelles sit in this jelly-like substance

Answer 40

Cytoplasm

Question 41

Cylindrical organelles involved in cell division

Answer 41

Centrioles

Question 42

Process of moving substances over the cell membrane that might not otherwise pass

Answer 42

Active Transport

Question 43

Organelles released by the Golgi Apparatus that contain digestive enzymes

Answer 43

Lysosomes

Question 44

Membranous network of sac-like channels in the cytoplasm

Answer 44

Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 45

Outermost layer of animal cell. Semi-permeable

Answer 45

Cell membrane

Question 46

Movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to area of low concentration

Answer 46

Diffusion

Question 47

Cell division

Answer 47

Mitosis

Question 48

Control center of the cell

Answer 48

Nucleus

Question 49

Structures in the nucleus that carry genes

Answer 49

Chromosomes

Question 50

The cell’s powerhouses

Answer 50

Mitochondria

Question 51

Tiny, moving, hair-like projections in the cell membrane

Answer 51

Cilia

Question 52

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Answer 52

DNA

Question 53

What does 'Frons' refer to in anatomical terms?

Answer 53

Forehead (frontal) ## Footnote 'Frons' is the Latin term for the forehead region.

Question 54

What is the anatomical term for the skull?

Answer 54

Cranium (cranial) ## Footnote The cranium houses and protects the brain.

Question 55

What does 'Facies' mean?

Answer 55

Face (facial) ## Footnote 'Facies' is used to describe the front part of the head.

Question 56

The term 'Oris' refers to which part of the body?

Answer 56

Mouth (oral) ## Footnote 'Oris' is the Latin origin for oral structures.

Question 57

What does 'Mentis' mean in anatomy?

Answer 57

Chin (mental) ## Footnote 'Mentis' is derived from the Latin word for the chin.

Question 58

What is the anatomical term for the armpit?

Answer 58

Asilla (axillary) ## Footnote 'Asilla' refers to the area under the arm.

Question 59

What does 'Brachium' refer to?

Answer 59

Arm (brachial) ## Footnote 'Brachium' is used in anatomical terms for the upper limb.

Question 60

The front of the elbow is referred to as what?

Answer 60

Antecubitis (antecubital) ## Footnote This term is commonly used in the context of venipuncture.

Question 61

What is the anatomical term for the forearm?

Answer 61

Antebrachum (antebrachial) ## Footnote The forearm connects the elbow to the wrist.

Question 62

What does 'Carpus' refer to?

Answer 62

Wrist (carpal) ## Footnote 'Carpus' describes the wrist joint and bones.

Question 63

What is the term for the thumb?

Answer 63

Pollex ## Footnote 'Pollex' is the Latin term specifically for the thumb.

Question 64

What does 'Palma' mean in anatomical terms?

Answer 64

Palm (palmar) ## Footnote 'Palma' refers to the inner surface of the hand.

Question 65

Fill in the blank: 'Digits (phalanges)' refer to _______.

Answer 65

Fingers (digital or phalangeal) ## Footnote This term encompasses all finger bones.

Question 66

What is the anatomical term for the kneecap?

Answer 66

Patella (patellar) ## Footnote The patella protects the knee joint.

Question 67

What does 'Crus' refer to?

Answer 67

Leg (crural) ## Footnote 'Crus' is used to denote the lower limb.

Question 68

What is the anatomical term for the ankle?

Answer 68

Tarsus (tarsal) ## Footnote The tarsus consists of the seven bones that make up the ankle.

Question 69

Fill in the blank: 'Digits (phalanges)' also refer to _______.

Answer 69

Toes (digital or phalangeal) ## Footnote This term includes all toe bones.

Question 70

What are the two branches of a larger science called biology?

Answer 70

Anatomy and physiology

Question 71

encompasses various fields of study related to life and living organisms.

Answer 71

Biology

Question 72

What is biology?

Answer 72

The study of all forms of life.

Question 73

What is anatomy?

Answer 73

Anatomy is the study of the structure of an organism ## Footnote Anatomy includes the study of shape and structure of the body and the relationship of body parts to one another.

Question 74

What does the word anatomy derive from?

Answer 74

The word anatomy comes from the Greek 'ana', meaning 'apart,' and 'temuein,' meaning 'to cut' ## Footnote This etymology highlights the significance of dissection in the study of anatomy.

Question 75

What is physiology?

Answer 75

Physiology is the study of the functions of living organisms and their parts ## Footnote Physiology examines how various body parts function and coordinate to form a complete living organism.

Question 76

What does physiology study?

Answer 76

Physiology studies the function of each body part and the coordination of functions among body parts ## Footnote This study helps in understanding how an organism operates as a whole.

Question 77

What is considered a disease?

Answer 77

Any abnormal change in a structure or function that produces symptoms is considered a disease ## Footnote This definition emphasizes the relationship between structure, function, and health.

Question 78

Fill in the blank: Anatomy studies the _______ and structure of an organism's body.

Answer 78

[shape]

Question 79

True or False: Anatomy and physiology are unrelated fields of study.

Answer 79

False ## Footnote Anatomy and physiology are closely related as the structure of body parts directly influences their functions.