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ANAPHY AND PHYSIO > CELLS AND TISSUE > Flashcards

CELLS AND TISSUE Flashcards

1
Q

SMALLEST UNIT OF LIFE

A

CELL

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2
Q

THIS IS THE SELECTIVE PERMEABLE BARRIER

A

PLASMA MEMBRANE

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3
Q

INTRACELLULAR FLUID PACKED WITH ORGANELLES

A

CYTOPLASM

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4
Q

ORGANELLES THAT CONTROLS CELLULAR ACTIVITIES

A

NUCLEUS

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5
Q

MOST ABUNDANT MATERIAL, JELLYLIKE SUBSTANCE COMPOSED OF PROTEINS AND POLYSACCHARIDES

A

EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX (ECM)

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6
Q

SUBSTANCE THAT AID IN DIGESTION (GASTRIC FLUIDS) OR ACTS AS LUBRICANT (SALIVA)

A

CELLULAR SECRETIONS

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7
Q

FORMS OF THE FABRIC OF THE MEMBRANE (PHOSPHOLIPID + CHOLESTEROL)

A

MEMBRANE LIPIDS

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8
Q

Refers to the collection of mechanisms that regulate the passage of solutes such as ions and small molecules through biological membranes, which are lipid bilayers that contain proteins embedded in them.

A

TRANSPORT PROTEINS

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9
Q

what are the three passive membrane transport

A

simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis

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10
Q

helps in stabilizing the internal environment of the organism by balancing the levels of water and intracellular fluids.

A

osmosis

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11
Q

the passive movement of substances, such as biological molecules or ions, across a plasma membrane by means of a transport protein located in the plasma membrane

A

facilitated diffusion

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12
Q

describes the amount of solute in a solution.

A

tonicity

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13
Q

To maintain the cell structure and prevent the cell lysis more dilute than cells, cells pump up or lyse

A

hypotonic

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14
Q

signals from the nervous system

A

neurotransmitter

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15
Q

signals from the endocrine system

A

hormones

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16
Q

chemicals that act locally and are rapidly destroyed

A

paracrines

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17
Q

viscous, semi-transparent fluid in which other cytoplasmic elements are suspended

A

CYTOSOL

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18
Q

metabolic machinery of the cell that synthesize proteins, generate ATP

A

ORGANELLE

19
Q

chemical substances like stored nutrients, lipid droplets and pigments

A

INCLUSIONS

20
Q

Powerplants of the cell, providing ATP supply
Lozenge-shaped organelles that contains its own DNA, RNA, ribosomes and able to reproduce themselves

A

mitochondria

21
Q

Sites of protein synthesis
Small-dark staining granules composed of proteins and RNA

A

ribosomes

22
Q

Extensive system of interconnected tubes and parallel sacs

A

endoplasmic reticulum

23
Q

studded with ribosomes that manufacture all proteins secreted from cells; manufacture of integral proteins and phospholipids that fo part of all cellular membranes

A

rough er

24
Q

contains integral proteins called enzymes that catalyze reactions

A

smooth ER

25
Q

Spherical membranous organelles containing activated hydrolytic enzymes
Digests all kinds of biological molecules including invading bacteria and cell debris

A

PERIOXISOMES

26
Q

Modify, concentrate and package the proteins and lipids Stacked, flattened membranous sacs associated with tiny membranous vesicles

A

GOLGI APARATUS

27
Q

Spherical membranous sacs containing enzymes (numerous in kidneys and livers)
Oxidases and Catalases detoxify alcohol and formaldehyde and neutralize free radicalsOLG

A

LYSOSOMES

28
Q

tiny, finger-like extensions of the plasma membrane that project from an exposed cell surface. It increase the cell surface and and most often found in absorptive cells in the intestine and kidney

A

MICROVILLA

29
Q

projections formed by centrioles but longer. The only flagellated cell is a sperm which has one propulsive flagellum. It propels the cell itself

A

FLAGELLA

30
Q

whiplike, motile cellular extensions that occur on the exposed surfaces of certain cells. Its actions move substances in one direction across the cell surfaces

A

CILLIA

31
Q

carries the coded information to the cytoplasm, where protein synthesis occurs
O Ribosomal RNA

A

MESSENGER RNA

32
Q

2 units form functional ribosomes which are sites of protein synthesis

A

Ribosomal RNA

33
Q

ferry amino acids to the ribosomes

A

Transfer RNA

34
Q

Secrete their products onto body surfaces or into body cavities, include the
liver, pancreas, salivary glands among others

A

EXOCRINE

35
Q

Product hormones that enter the blood or lymphatic fluid to specific target
organs

A

ENDOCRINE

36
Q

Blood vessels transport blood, which
carries oxygen, caroon dioxide.
nutrients, wastes, etc. The heart pumps blood.

A

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

37
Q

product of a gland that can be aqueous, lipid or
steroid-rich containing proteins

A

SECRETION

38
Q

product of a gland that can be aqueous, lipid or
steroid-rich containing proteins

A

GLAND

39
Q

Keeps blood constantly supplied with oxvgen and removes carbon dioxide
These exchanges occur through the walls of the air sacs of the lungs

A

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

40
Q

unstructured materials that fills the space between cells and fibers

A

GROUND SUBSTANCE

41
Q

Breaks down odd no absornanie minic
that enter the blood for distribution to body cells. Indigestible foodstuffs are
eliminated as reces

A

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

42
Q

studies the function of the body, how the body parts work and carry out their life-sustaining activitie

A

PHYSIOLOGY

43
Q

study of large body structures visible to the naked eye, such as heart, lungs,

A

GROSS ANATOMY

44
Q

in which cells come
together, touch and recognize one
another. Useful in development and
immunity

A

CONTACT SIGNALNG

ANAPHY AND PHYSIO (1 decks)

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