Cells and their functions Flashcards
Alpha pancreatic cells
produce glucagon
stimulates liver to convert glycogen to glucose
Beta pancreatic cells
produce insulin
Delta cells
secrete somatostatin
supression of other hormones created by the pancreas
Gamma cells
produce polypeptide
regulation of endocrine and exocrine pancreatic secretions
Epislon cells
produce ghrelin
stimulate hunger
type 2 pneumocytes
produce surfactant from 24-34 weeks gestation
phosphatidylcholine
surfactant polypeptide made by type 2 epithelial cells
lowers surface tensions and prevent alveolar collapse
G cells
neuroendocrine cells on stomach pyloric antrum
secrete gastrin when stimulated by vagus nerve
Mucous neck cells
produce HCO3 and mucus
barrier against damage from mechanical damage from peristalsis, autodigestion and acid
Gastrin
stimulated by stomach distention and the vagus nerve
stimulates parietal and chief cells
stimulates gastric acid, pepsin and IF
causes gastric emptying and pancreatic secretion
Chief cells
produce pepsinogen which is turned to pepsin by HCl
this helps digest proteins to A.A
D cells
produce somatostatin
inhibits acid secretion
indirectly protects gastric mucosa
parietal cells
Produce HCl and intrinsic factor
required for protein digestion and absorption of Vit B12
Secretin
stimulated by intra luminal acid
stimualtes pancreatic HCO3 secretion
inhibits gastric acid and pepsin secretion
delays gastric emptying
Vasoactive intestinal peptide
decreases gut motility
