Cells and Respiration Flashcards
What is an organism?
An organism is a living thing
What piece of equipment would you use to look at a cell?
A microscope
cells are very small
Name the 4 components which occur in animal and plant cells
- Nucleus
- Cytoplasm
- Cell Membrane
- Mitochondria
Name the 3 components which occur in a plant cell but not in an animal cell
- Cell Wall
- Vacuole
- Chloroplasts
What is the function of the nucleus?
The nucleus controls what the cell does
What is the function of the Cytoplasm?
The Cytoplasm is a sort of jelly that fills the cell and it is where most of the chemical reactions in the cell happen
What is the function of the Cell Membrane?
The Cell Membrane is a thin skin around the cell which holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out
What is the function of the Mitochondria?
These are where aerobic respiration happens
What is the function of the Cell Wall?
This is a stiff outer layer around the cell membrane which supports the cell
What is a Vacuole?
A Vacuole is filled with a liquid called cell sap which contains sugar and salts
What is the function of the Chloroplasts?
These are where photosynthesis happens
What are Multicellular organisms?
Organisms that are made up of lots of cells. Animals and plants are multicellular organisms.
True or False:-
Plants are multicellular organisms.
True
What are organisms that only have one cell called?
They are called Unicellular organisms.
Examples are Amoeba or Euglena
What do a group of similar cells working together make?
A tissue.
What do a group of different tissues working together make?
An organ
What do a group of organs working together make?
An organ system.
What is Diffusion?
Diffusion is where stuff moves from where there is a lot of it to where there is less of it.
An example is where glucose from outside a cell moves through the cell membrane into the cell.
Give an example of diffusion.
When glucose from outside a cell moves through the cell membrane into the cell.
True or False:-
Chloroplasts are found in animal cells.
False
True or False:-
Multicellular organisms only have 1 cell.
False
True or False:-
A group of similar cells working together make a Tissue.
True
True or False:-
Diffusion is where stuff moves from where there is lots of it to somewhere where there is less of it
True
What happens in a chemical reaction?
In a chemical reaction, one or more ‘old’ substances get changed into new ones,
What are the ‘old’ substances in a chemical reaction called?
Reactants
What are the new substances formed by a chemical reaction called?
Products
True or False:-
Respiration is a chemical reaction.
True
True or False:-
Respiration happens in every cell.
True
What happens during respiration?
Respiration changes glucose (a sugar) into other substances. This releases energy.
This energy is then used for just about everything.
Give some examples of what the energy released by respiration might be used for.
- building protein
- using your muscles
- keeping warm
What is Aerobic Respiration?
Aerobic Respiration is respiration using oxygen.
True or False:-
Aerobic Respiration is respiration using Nitrogen.
False
True or False:-
Aerobic Respiration is respiration using oxygen.
True
Where does Aerobic Respiration happen?
Aerobic Respiration happens in the Mitochondria of animal and plant cells.
True or False:-
Aerobic Respiration happens in the cell nucleus.
False
True or False:-
Aerobic Respiration happens in the mitochondria of animal and plant cells.
True
What happens during Aerobic Respiration?
In Aerobic Respiration, glucose and oxygen react to produce carbon dioxide and water.
This reaction releases lots of energy.
What is Anaerobic Respiration?
Anaerobic Respiration is respiration without oxygen.
True or False:-
Anaerobic Respiration is respiration with oxygen,
False
True or False:-
Anaerobic Respiration is respiration without oxygen.
True
True or False:-
Anaerobic Respiration produces more energy than Aerobic Respiration.
False
True or False:-
Anaerobic Respiration produces less energy than Aerobic Respiration.
True
In Humans, when does Anaerobic Respiration take place?
During hard exercise.
What substance does Anaerobic Respiration produce in humans?
Lactic acid.
What does Anaerobic Respiration produce in Microorganism such as Yeast?
Carbon Dioxide and Ethanol (alcohol)
What is Fermentation?
Fermentation is when Anaerobic Respiration produces ethanol.
Name one product which Fermentation is used to produce.
Beer
