Cells and organisation

Question 1

How can cells be viewed?

Answer 1

With a light microscope

Question 2

How do light microscopes work?

Answer 2

The light shines through the object and into the objective lens, this passes through the eyepiece and into your eye. A series of lens magnify the cell

Question 3

What are the MRS GREN life processes?

Answer 3

Movement, respiration, sensitivity, growth, reproduction, excretion, nutrition

Question 4

Name the function of the cell membrane

Answer 4

Controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell

Question 5

Name the function of the cytoplasm

Answer 5

Where the chemical reactions occur

Question 6

Name the function of the nucleus

Answer 6

Carries genetic information and controls what happens within the cell

Question 7

Name the function of the mitochondria

Answer 7

Where most of the respiration reactions occur

Question 8

Name the function of the vacuole

Answer 8

Contains cell cap which keeps the cell firm

Question 9

Name the function of the cell wall

Answer 9

Made of cellulose to keep the cell firm/ structured

Question 10

What do both animal and plant cells contain?

Answer 10

Cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus and mitochondria

Question 11

How do plant cells differ?

Answer 11

They contain a cell wall, vacuole and chloroplasts

Question 12

Define multicellular

Answer 12

We are made up of multiple cells

Question 13

Why do cells specialise?

Answer 13

To carry out a specific function

Question 14

Name the function and special features of a red blood cell

Answer 14

Function: Carry oxygen

Special features: Large surface area for oxygen to pass through , contains haemoglobin to join oxygen and it contains no nucleus

Question 15

Name the function and special features of nerve cells

Answer 15

Function: Carry nerve impulses

Special features: Long, connections at each end and can carry electric signals

Question 16

Name the function and special features of female egg cells

Answer 16

Function: to join with the male reproductive cell and provide food for the new formed cell

Special features: large and contains lots of cytoplasm

Question 17

Name the functions and special features of a male sperm cell

Answer 17

Function: to reach the female cell and join it

Special features: long tail and head for reaching the female cell

Question 18

Name the functions and special features of a root hair cell

Answer 18

Function: to absorb water and minerals

Special features: large surface area

Question 19

Name the functions and special features of a leaf cell

Answer 19

Function: to absorb sunlight

Special features: large surface area and extra chloroplasts

Question 20

What is a unicellular organism?

Answer 20

An organism that consists of one cell

Question 21

Name the three different types of unicellular organisms

Answer 21

Bacteria , protozoa and unicellular fungi

Question 22

Name the main parts of bacteria

Answer 22

Chromosomal DNA, Plasmid DNA, Flagellum (not always present) , cell membrane and cell wall

Question 23

What is yeast an example of?

Answer 23

Unicellular fungi

Question 24

Name the cellular organisation levels

Answer 24

Cells 
Tissues 
Organs 
Organ systems 
Organism

Question 25

Name an example of an adaptation in protozoa

Answer 25

it has pseudopodia/ false feet to help it move around