Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biomedical Genetics > Cells and Chromosomes > Flashcards

Cells and Chromosomes Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Matthias Schleiden and Theodore Schwann

A

Plants and animals are composed of cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Rudolf Virchow

A

every cell comes from a cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Three basics ideas

A
  1. All living organisms are made up of cells
  2. Cells are the basic building blocks of life
  3. All cells come from existing cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Nucleus Makeup

A

3.65 pg of DNA
3 billion base pairs
20,000 protein genes (haploid cells)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What do mitochondria have?

A

their own DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Nucleus contains

A

nucleolus, chromatin, nuclear DNA, and chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Nucleolus function

A

Ribosomal RNA synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Chromatin makeup

A

DNA+proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Chromosomes makeup

A

composed of chromatin, contain all genetic information, divide DNA equally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Who created the Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance?

A

Walter Sutton and Theodore Boveri

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance

A
  1. chromosomes are carriers of units of inheritance- genes

2. chromosomes maintain genetic continuity through generations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Centromere

A

important for the division of cells; every chromosome has one

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Metacentric

A

centromere located in the middle of the chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Submetacentric

A

centromere located between the middle and the end of a chromosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Acrocentric

A

centromere located close to the end of the chromosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where are the telomere/how many are there per chromosome?

A

the end of each chromosome arm/there are 4

17
Q

How to identify the p vs q arm of a chromosome

A

p arm is the short arm

q arm is the long arm

18
Q

Diploid number

A

same size/morphology
same genes
same or different alleles

19
Q

Haploid number

A

one homolog from father and another from mother
each has 2 chromatids
homologs have 4 chromatids

20
Q

What is cytology?

A

Science of cells

21
Q

What is cytogenetics?

A

Science of chromosomes

22
Q

What is the human diploid number?

A

2n=46

23
Q

What is the human haploid number?

A

1n=23

24
Q

Karyotype

A

complete set of chromosomes in a cell of an organism

25
Q

What is Haldane’s rule?

A
  1. mammalian interspecific hybrids: males are usually sterile, rare, or absent
  2. Female hybrids might be fertile
26
Q

Molecular causes of hybrid sterility

A

cytogenetic (in meiosis phase)
molecular (in DNA sequencing)
Epigenetic (in gene regulation)

Biomedical Genetics (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions