Cells Flashcards
cell membrane
a phospholipid layer that covers a cell’s surface and acts as a barrier between
the inside of a cell and the cell’s environment
cytoplasm
the region of the cell within the membrane
eukaryote
an organism made up of cells that have a nucleus and membrane-bound
organelles
nucleus
in a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-bound
organelle that contains the cell’s DNA
organelle
one of the small bodies that
are found in the cytoplasm of a cell and that are specialized to perform a specific function
prokaryote
a single-celled organism that does not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles
ribosome
a cell organelle where protein synthesis occurs
chloroplast
an organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs
endoplasmic reticulum
a system of membranes
that is found in a cell’s cytoplasm and that assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins and in the production of lipids
Golgi apparatus
a cell organelle that helps
make and package materials to be transported
out of the cell
mitochondrion
in eukaryotic cells, the
cell organelle that is surrounded by two
membranes and that is the site of cellular respiration
vacuole
a fluid-filled vesicle found in the cytoplasm of plant cells or protozoans
vesicle
a small cavity or sac that contains materials in a eukaryotic cell
colonial organism
a collection of genetically
identical cells that are permanently associated
but in which little or no integration of cell
activities occurs
flagellum
a long, hairlike structure that grows out of a cell and enables the cell to move
