Cells Flashcards
One of the major breakthrough in the field of Biology
The invention of the microscope
You are told that the cells on a microscope slide are plant, animal, or bacterial. You look at them through a microscope and see cell walls and membrane-bound organelles. What could be concluded with this information at hand?
The cells are plant cells
Which is NOT TRUE about Villi?
A) Modifications that allow the body to absorb more nutrients.
B) These are the brush-like structures used by the cells to absorb nutrients in the small intestines.
C) They increase surface area of the small intestine.
D) These are the folds in the small intestine.
These are the folds in the small intestine.
Which of the following structures in the cell is responsible for pulling the chromosomes towards the different poles?
A) Metaphase plate
B) Nucleolus
C) Cellulose
D) Centrioles
Centrioles
What would be the result if a cell containing 32 chromosomes undergoes mitotic division?
A) 2 daughter cells with 16 chromosomes each
B) 4 daughter cells with 16 chromosomes each
C) 2 daughter cells with 32 chromosomes each
D) 4 daughter cells with 32 chromosomes each
2 daughter cells with 32 chromosomes each
Which among the following cell modifications allow cells to communicate?
A) Desmosomes
B) Flagella
C) Pseudopods
D) Cilia
Desmosomes
Which among the following is NOT TRUE about teratogens?
A) Teratogens are substances that can cause harm to the growing fetus.
B) Teratogens are needed by the body to make sure that the cell cycle is happening accordingly.
C) They cause errors in the cell cycle.
D) Examples of teratogens are alcohol, viruses, medicines, and radiation.
Teratogens are needed by the body to make sure that the cell cycle is happening accordingly.
In the cells of some organisms, mitosis occurs without cytokinesis. What would be the result of this?
A) Cells with more than one nucleus.
B) Cells lacking nuclei.
C) Cell cycles lacking an S phase.
D) Cells that are unusually small.
Cells with more than one nucleus.
Which of the following events in meiosis result to genetic variation?
A) a. Reduction
B) Crossing – over
C) Duplication
D) Cytokinesis
Crossing – over
Which among the following is not true about nondisjunction?
A) It is when chromosomes fail to separate during anaphase.
B) It is when cells divide uncontrollably.
C) It can result to monosomy or trisomy.
D) It happens when one of the sister chromatids fail to migrate to another pole.
It happens when one of the sister chromatids fail to migrate to another pole.
Which is NOT a feature of a prokaryotic cell?
A) Without true nucleus
B) Size ranges from 1-10 micrometer
C) Presence of membrane-bound organelles
D)Usually covered with capsule
??
Which of the following statements below does NOT show the difference between a plant and animal cell?
A) Originally, Chloroplast is present in plant cells and absent in animal cells.
B) Centrioles are present in animal cells and absent in plant cells.
C) Cell wall is present in plant cells and not in animal cells.
D) Vacuoles are larger in animal cells than in plant cells.
Vacuoles are larger in animal cells than in plant cells.
Which cell modification is present in the cells of the small intestine?
A) Pseudopods
B) Flagella
C) Cilia
D) Villi
Villi
Which of the following differentiates a normal cell from a cancer cell?
A) Cancer cells are unable to synthesize DNA.
B) b. Cancer cells have very short lifespan
C) c. Cancer cells are arrested at the S phase of the cell cycle.
D) Cancer cells continue to divide even when they are tightly packed together.
.
How may sperm cells will be produced if 10 primary spermatocytes having 46 chromosomes undergo spermatogenesis?
A) 40 sperm cells with 46 chromosomes each
B) 400 sperm cells with 46 chromosomes each
C) 40 sperm cells with 23 chromosomes each
D) 100 sperm cells with 23 chromosomes each
.
Which of the following statements below does NOT show the difference between a plant and animal cell?
A) Originally, Chloroplast is present in plant cells and absent in animal cells.
B) Centrioles are present in animal cells and absent in plant cells.
C) Cell wall is present in plant cells and not in animal cells.
D) Vacuoles are larger in animal cells than in plant cells.
??
It takes a cell 12 hours to complete one full division. If initially there were total of 5 cells left in a petri dish, how many cells will there be in total if you left it to divide for a week?
A. 5(228)
B. 12(214)
C. 14(228)
D. 5(214)
5 (214)
Which of the following statements about living cells is false?
A) Most are microscopic
B) They are found in all animals but not in all plants.
c) They are the smallest basic units that can carry out all of the functions that we normally define as life.
They are found in all animals but not in all plants.
All living things, including plants are made up of cells. However, comparatively simple things such as viruses do not have most of the components of cells nor are they technically living in the same sense as plants and animals.
Which of the following statements is true about the chromosomes of different plant and animal species?
A) They may differ in number, but are the same shape and size.
B) They may differ in the shape and size, but normally have the same number.
C) They may differ in number, shape, and size.
They may differ in number, shape, and size.
This fact provides a useful tool for biologists in distinguishing between species. For instance, humans have 46 chromosomes, while chimpanzees have 48. This number difference is one indication that we are not the same species.
Chromosomes are found in _____________________ of cells.
A) the nucleus
B) the cytoplasm
C) both the nucleus and the cytoplasm
the nucleus
However, keep in mind that the chromosomes only become visible when a cell begins to divide.
Which of the following statements is true about cells?
A) The nucleus is within the cell membrane which is surrounded by the nuclear membrane.
B) The nucleus is within the nuclear membrane which is surrounded by the cytoplasm.
C) The cytoplasm is within the nuclear membrane
The nucleus is within the nuclear membrane which is surrounded by the cytoplasm.
The nuclear membrane acts as a selectively permeable barrier. That is to say, it allows some important substances to cross over while keeping the contents of the nucleus from spilling out into the cytoplasm.
A karyotype is a:
A) general term for any type of chromosome
B) type of abnormal chromosome that is associated with Down’s syndrome
C) picture of an individual’s chromosomes arranged in a standardized way
picture of an individual’s chromosomes arranged in a standardized way
Karyotypes allow us to quickly see if an individual has any gross chromosomal abnormalities. For instance, this technique can be used to identify the genetically inherited condition known as Down`s syndrome.
The sex chromosomes of normal females are:
A) X and Y
B) Y and Y
C) X and X
D) none of the above
X and X
Females only have X sex chromosomes. Males, in contrast, inherit an X from their mother and a Y from their father. There are some individuals who have extra Xs and/or Ys, but these are rare combinations.
The genes on the sex chromosomes of females are ___________ and those of males are mostly ___________ .
A) homologous; homologous
B) homologous; hemizygous
C) hemizygous; hemizygous
homologous; hemizygous
The two X chromosomes in females carry the same genes. The X and Y chromosomes of males mostly do not. X chromosomes have many more genes for traits not related to sexuality which are expressed in the phenotypes of males even if they are recessive.
Autosomes:
A) are all chromosomes other than the sex chromosomes
B) are normal sex chromosomes
C) automatically determine the sex of children
are all chromosomes other than the sex chromosomes
The autosomes contain the genes that determine almost all of the non-gender inherited related traits. Most of our genetic inheritance comes from the genes in the autosomes.
Normal humans have __________ pairs of autosomes and ___________ pair(s) of sex chromosomes.
A) 23 and 23
B) 23 and 2
C) 46 and 1
D) 22 and 1
22 and 1
Humans normally inherit 22 autosomes and 1 sex chromosome from each parent. In total, we have 46 chromosomes in somatic cells–22 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of sex chromosomes.
All of the chromosomes in each normal human cell collectively have approximately __________ genes.
A) 10,000-15,000
B) 20,000-25,000
C) 242,000
D) 1,000,000
20,000-25,000
There has been some controversy in past years about the actual number of human genes. However, most researchers now agree that about 20,000-25,000 is a fairly good estimate.
A chromatid is:
A) one of the strands or arms of a chromosome
B) the point of attachment of two strands of a chromosome
C) a chromosome before it becomes visible during cell division
one of the strands or arms of a chromosome
When a chromosome becomes visible just before cell replication, it has two or more chromatids that come together at a centromere. At other times, chromosomes are long, thin, thread-like structures that appear as an essentially undifferentiated mass.
The development of masculine physical characteristics is most affected by the inheritance of:
A) an X chromosome
B) a karyotype
C) the SRY gene
D) none of the above
the SRY gene
The SRY (or sex determining region Y) gene is necessary for an XY individual to develop male physical characteristics. Without it, female traits develop instead.
What is the function of Coarse Adjustment Knob?
A) moves the stage to SHARPEN the image B) moves the stage up and down for FOCUSING C) hold the slide in place
moves the
stage up and down for FOCUSING
Which of the following is not true about Zaccharias Janssen and Hans Janssen?
A) father-son Dutch spectacle makers B) invented a single lens hand-held microscope with a magnification of 200x C) first ones to make a compound microscope
invented a single lens hand-held
microscope with a magnification of
200x
The father and son only invented a limited magnification of only 3x and 9x & had a low resolution
