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Year 8 Biology > Cells > Flashcards

Cells Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the basic unit of life?

A

Cells are the basic unit of life

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2
Q

What are the three main types of cells?

A

White blood cells (leukocytes)
Red blood cells (erythrocytes)
Platelets

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3
Q

Difference between unicellular and multicellular

A

Unicellular cells are an organism containing a single cell.

Multicellular is an organism contains multiple cells.

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4
Q

Requirements of MRS GREN

A

Movement
Respiration
Sensitivity

Growth
Reproduction
Excretion
Nutrition

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5
Q

What are the functions of each cell?

A

White blood cell help fight infectious diseases and foreign invaders.
Red blood cells help carry oxygen from the lungs to parts of the body.
Platelets help your body form clots to stop bleeding.

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6
Q

Microscope basic sections

A
  1. Base
  2. Arm
  3. Objective Lenses
  4. Course and fine focus
  5. Illuminator
  6. Revolving nosepiece
  7. Stage and stage pieces
  8. Tube
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7
Q

What are the microscope zooms?

A

7x, 8x and 9x

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8
Q

Basic components of blood

A

Plasma
Red blood cells
White blood cells
Platelets

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9
Q

The main organelles

A 
Cell membrane
Mitochondria
Cytoplasm
E.R
Golgi
Ribosome, making protein
Centriole
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10
Q

What does the cell membrane do?

A

Controls the movement of substances in and out of the cells organelles.

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11
Q

Cell wall

A

A tough exterior “wall” surrounding cells of plants, algae and fungi.

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13
Q

Nucleus

A

It stores the DNA and it coordinations the cell’s activities

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14
Q

Ribosomes

A

Are where RNA is translated into protein.

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15
Q

Mitochondria

A

Mitochondria acts as the Digestive system of a cell. Takes in nutrients, breaks them down and creates energy.

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17
Q

E.R ( Endoplasmic Reticulum)

A

E.R functions as the manufacturing and packing system. Serves in the folding, modification and transport of proteins

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18
Q

Chloroplasts

A

Convert light from sun into sugars that can be used by cells. Animal cells don’t have chloroplasts.

19
Q

Large Vacuole

A

In plant cells. Big vesicles that stores water

20
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Gel-like fluid matrix that fills a cell

21
Q

Organelles

A

Chemicals and structures found inside of almost all cells.

22
Q

Eukaryotic

A

I sell that has its DNA in a nucleus

23
Q

Prokaryotic

A

A small sell that has DNA but does not have a nucleus.

24
Q

The difference between plant and animal cells in terms of the structure and organelles?

A

Most plant cells are rectangular as animal cells are usually round and irregularly shaped. Plant cells have a cell wall composed of the cell membrane as well as cellulose but animal cells do not.

25
Q

Difference between veins and arteries

A

Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body. Veins carry blood into the heart from the body

26
Q

What are the two types of digestion and where do they occur?

A

Mechanical and chemical. Mechanical is physically breaking down food and chemical is breaking the food into nutrients that can be used by cells.

27
Q

What are the main organs associated with digestion from start to end?

A

Saliva glands, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach small intestine, large intestine, rectum and accessory digestive organs: liver gallbladder and pancreas.

30
Q

Lysosome

A

Lysosomes are like the stomach of the cells. Lysosomes are organelles that contain digestive enzymes.

32
Q

Golgi body

A

Gather molecules and make the into more complex molecules. Then takes those bigger molecules and stores them or send them out to cells

33
Q

Smallest blood vessel

A

Capillaries

34
Q

A collection of tissues that carry out a specialised function of the body

A

Organ

35
Q

Molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

A

Difusion

36
Q

Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

A

Osmosis

37
Q

An organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs

A

Chloroplast

38
Q

The protein that carries oxygen in the red blood cells.

A

Haemoglobin

39
Q

A group of similar cells that perform the same function.

A

Tissue

40
Q

Does not have a cell wall or chloroplast and a small vacuole is…

A

An animal cell

41
Q

A widely acceptable explanation of the relationship between cells and living things is…

A

Cell theory

Year 8 Biology (1 decks)

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