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IMMS > Cells > Flashcards

Cells Flashcards

1
Q

What filaments are present in the cytoskeleton of the cell

A

Microfilaments (5nm)
Intermediate filaments (10nm)
Microtubules (25nm)

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2
Q

List 4 functions of the cell membrane

A
  1. Semi-permeable membrane
  2. Hosts cell membrane receptors
  3. Regulates what goes in and out of the cell
  4. Separates intracellular and extracellular cell contents
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3
Q

What 3 types of molecule does the cell membrane contain and what are their functions?

A
  • Cholesterol (fluidity)
  • Proteins (transporters)
  • Glycolipids and glycoproteins (cell singalling)
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4
Q

What are the lipid groups that make up the plasma membrane?

A

Glycolipids
Phospholipids
Sphingolipids
Cholesterol

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5
Q

What do tight junctions do?

A

Prevent leackage of molecules from between cells

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6
Q

What do desmosomes do?

A

Join cells together

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7
Q

What do gap junctions do?

A

Allow passage of small water-soluble ions and molecules between cells

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8
Q

What do adherens junctions do?

A

Joins actin bundles on adjacent cells

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9
Q

What do hemidesmosomes do?

A

Anchors cells to the basement membrane

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10
Q

Function and properties of the nucleus (2)

A

Houses DNA as chromatin

Has double nuclear membrane

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11
Q

Where does rRNA synthesis take place?

A

Nucleolus (ribosomal RNA)

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12
Q

Function and properties of the mitochondria (2)

A

Site of oxidative phosphorylation

Double membrane

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13
Q

What does the outer membrane of the mitochondria do? (2)

A

Lipid synthesis

Fatty acid metabolism

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14
Q

What does the inner membrane of the mitochondria do?

A

Electron transport chain - ATP production

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15
Q

Where does Krebs’ cycle take place?

A

Matrix of mitochondria

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16
Q

What happens in the intramembranous space of the mitochondria?

A

Nucleotide phosphorylation (ADP to ATP)

17
Q

Function and properties of RER (3)

A

Protein synthesis
Highly folded flattened membrane sheets
Ribosomes cover its surface

18
Q

Functions and properties of SER (2)

A

Synthesis, processes and stores lipids

Highly folded flattened membrane sheets

19
Q

Functions and properties of Golgi apparatus (4)

A

Processes and modifies macromolecules from ER
Nuclear facing: protein phosphorylation
Central part: modifies lipids + proteins
Cytoplasm facing: packages into vesicles, releases active peptides

20
Q

Where are the golgi apparatus found in cells?

A

Near the nucleus of the cell

21
Q

Functions and properties of vesicles (3)

A

Small membrane-bound organelles
Transport and store material
Exchange cell membrane between compartments

22
Q

What are lysosomes?

A

Contain hydrolytic enzymes

Break down cellular waste and debris

23
Q

What orange-brown pigment commonly found in the heart and liver is a sign of wear and tear?

A

Lipofuscin

IMMS (2 decks)

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