Cells Flashcards
Name the organelles in an animal cell.
Nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm, mitochondria
Name the organelles in a plant cell.
Nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm, mitochondria, vacuole, chloroplasts, cell wall.
Give the function of a nucleus.
Controls the cell. Contains DNA
Give the function of the cell membrane.
Allows substances into and out of the cell
Give the function of the cytoplasm.
Where chemical reactions happen
Give the function of the mitochondria.
Where respiration happens to release energy
Give the function of the vacuole.
Contains cell sap
Give the function of the chloroplasts.
To absorb sunlight for photosynthesis to produce food (glucose)
Give the function of the cell wall.
Made from cellulose to provide structure and support to the cell
Give the function and adaptations of a sperm cell.
To fertilise the egg cell. Has a flagellum (tail) to swim to the egg; has a streamlined head to swim faster; has little cytoplasm so it can swim faster; has enzymes in its head to get into the egg.
Give the function and adaptations of a red blood cell.
To carry oxygen around our body. It has a biconcave shape to give it a large surface area to hold lots of oxygen; it has no nucleus to give it more space to carry oxygen.
Give the function and adaptations of an egg cell.
To carry the female DNA and be fertilised by the sperm cell. Large amount of cytoplasm to provide nutrients if fertilised; jelly coating which goes hard when fertilised so no more sperm can enter.
Give the function and adaptations of a root hair cell.
To absorb water and nutrients from the soil. Shape gives it a large surface area to absorb lots of water; very thin walls so water can diffuse quickly.
Give the function and adaptations of a palisade cell.
To carry out photosynthesis. Lots of chloroplasts to absorb lots of sunlight; near the top of the leaf to absorb more sunlight; large surface area to absorb lots of sunlight.
Give the function and adaptations of a nerve cell.
To carry electrical impulses around the body. Long body to carry impulses long distances quickly; lots of dendrites that attach to lots of other nerve cells.
Give the function and adaptations of a ciliated epithelial cell.
To brush mucus up out of the lungs (or to brush the egg cell down the oviduct). Have lots of cilia (hairs) that act as brushes.
Give the functions of white blood cells.
To engulf (digest) pathogens, to produce antibodies and to produce anti-toxins.
Define cell.
The building blocks of living things.
Define tissue.
A group of similar cells working together.
Define organ.
A group of different tissues working together.
Define organ system.
A group of different organs working together.
Define diffusion.
A substance moving from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
