Cells

Question 1

Name the structures parts of the Cell

Answer 1

• Nucleus
• Ribosomes
• Cytoplasm
• Plasma Membrane
• Mitochondrion
• Lysomes
• Rough and Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 2

3 Main structures of the cell

Answer 2

• Plasma Membrane
• Cytoplasm
• Nucleus

Question 3

Cytoplasm is broke down further into

Answer 3

• Microvilli
• Ribosomes
• Lysosomes
• Mitochrondria

Question 4

What is the function of Microvilli

Answer 4

• Microvilli (singular: microvillus) are microscopic cellular membrane protrusions that increase the surface area for diffusion and minimize any increase in volume, and are involved in a wide variety of functions, including absorption, secretion, cellular adhesion, and mechanotransduction.

Question 5

What is the function of Ribosomes

Answer 5

• Function of Ribosomes. Ribosomes are a cell structure that makes protein. Protein is needed for many cell functions such as repairing damage or directing chemical processes. Ribosomes can be found floating within the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 6

What is the function of Lysosomes

Answer 6

• Inside a cell, numerous organelles function to remove wastes. One of the key organelles involved in digestion and waste removal is the lysosome. Lysosomes are organelles that contain digestive enzymes. They digest excess or worn out organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses or bacteria.

Question 7

What is the function of Mitochrondia

Answer 7

• The most prominent roles of mitochondria are to produce the energy currency of the cell, ATP (i.e., phosphorylation of ADP), through respiration, and to regulate cellular metabolism, also through processing sugars, fats and proteins

Question 8

What is the function of the cell membrane

Answer 8

• The cell membrane (plasma membrane) is a thin semi-permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm of a cell. Its function is to protect the integrity of the interior of the cell by allowing certain substances into the cell, while keeping other substances out. It also serves as a base of attachment for the cytoskeleton in some organisms and the cell wall in others. Thus the cell membrane also serves to help support the cell and help maintain its shape. Another function of the membrane is to regulate cell growth through the balance of endocytosis and exocytosis.

Question 9

The passive process can be further broke down into 3 groups

Answer 9

• Simple Diffusion
• Osmosis
• Facilitated Diffusion

Question 10

Define Diffusion

Answer 10

They move from a region where they are in high concentration to a region where they are in low concentration.

Question 11

Define Osmosis

Answer 11

a process by which molecules of a solvent tend to pass through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated solution into a more concentrated one.

Question 12

Define Facilitated Diffusion

Answer 12

Facilitated diffusion is the process of spontaneous passive transport of molecules or ions across a cell’s membrane via specific transmembrane integral proteins.

Question 13

Define and state what Hypertonic, Hypotonic and isotonic is

Answer 13

• denoting a solution having less osmotic pressure than one with which it is compared. (hypotonic)
• More osmotic pressure then one with which it is compared (hypertonic)
• a solution in which body cells can be bathed without net flow of water across the semipermeable cell membrane; also, denoting a solution having the same tonicity as another solution with which it is compared.

Question 14

What are the two processes of cell division

Answer 14

• Mitosis

- Meiosis

Question 15

What is mitosis

Answer 15

The division of cells in order to replicate, where the cell replicates its DNA and then organises itself in order to divide

Question 16

What is Meiosis

Answer 16

Cell division in order to allow reproduction, with the formation of a gamete