Cells

Question 1

What is the function of the nucleus and where is it found

Answer 1

Found in both animal and plant cells

Contains DNA which is responsible for providing each cell with unique characteristics

Question 2

Function of the nucleolus and where is it found

Answer 2

Found in both animal and plant cells

Inside the nucleus, produces ribosomes and moves in and out of the nucleus to the rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 3

Function of cytoplasm and where is it found

Answer 3

Found in both animal and plant cell

Full of proteins that control cell metabolism, known as the soup of the cell in which other cell organelles reside

Question 4

Function of the centriole and where is it found

Answer 4

Found in an animal cell

Ring of nine groups of fused microtubles

Question 5

Function of the Golgi and where is it found

Answer 5

Found in both animal and plant cell

Site of production of cellular secretions - packaging department

Question 6

Function of the cell membrane and where it’s found

Answer 6

Found in both animal and plant cell

Protection and isolation from the environment, barrier from uncontrolled flow of water

Question 7

Function of mitochondria and where it’s found

Answer 7

Found in both animal and plant cell

Powerhouse of the cell, responsible for energy production

Question 8

Function of the vacuole and where it’s found

Answer 8

Found in both animal and plant cell

Releases cellular waste products, helps with intracellular digestion and regulates turgor pressure

Question 9

Function of the cell wall and where it’s found

Answer 9

Found in the plant cell

Provides and maintains shape of the cell

Question 10

Function of chloroplast and where is it found

Answer 10

Found in the plant cell

Absorbs energy from the sun and converts water and oxygen into glucose. Process of photosynthesis.

Contains chlorophyll which makes plants green

Question 11

Function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum and where is it found

Answer 11

Found in both cells

Involved in protein synthesis and breaks down lipid soluble toxins in liver cells

Question 12

Function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and where it’s found

Answer 12

Found in both cells

Ribosomes collect in the endoplasmic reticulum for transport throughout the cell and proteins are synthesised

Question 13

Function of ribosome and found where

Answer 13

Found in both cells

Site of protein synthesis

Question 14

Function of lysosome and where is it found

Answer 14

Found in both cells

Kills and digests bacteria in the vacuole and responsible for recycling.

Question 15

Why are cells referred to as the building blocks of life?

Answer 15

Because they are the basic and smallest unit of all living organisms, cells of similar type make up tissues which then make organs and the organs build up organisms resulting in an organ system

Question 16

Difference between and eukaryotic and a prokaryotic cell

Answer 16

Eukaryotic cells contain DNA in the nucleus where prokaryotic cells don’t have a nucleus so the DNA floats around in the cell

Question 17

What is the respiratory system responsible for

Answer 17

Extraction of oxygen from the air

Question 18

Digestive system responsibility

Answer 18

Extracts nutrients from food

Question 19

What does the immune system do

Answer 19

Removes harmful substances and organisms from the body

Question 20

What does Excretory system do?

Answer 20

Extracts cellular waste from blood for removal from body

Question 21

Circulatory system responsibility

Answer 21

Transports nutrients and oxygen to cells and wastes away

Question 22

What does the skeletal system do

Answer 22

Supports body and protects brain heart and lungs

Question 23

Muscular system do

Answer 23

Causes movement

Question 24

Reproductive system do

Answer 24

Produces offspring

Question 25

Nervous system do

Answer 25

Coordinates body via electrical impulses in nerves

Question 26

Endocrine system do

Answer 26

Coordinates body via hormones released by endocrine glands

Question 27

Define cell

Answer 27

The smallest and basic unit of all living organisms

Question 28

Define tissue

Answer 28

An ensemble of similar cells from the same origins that carry out a specific function

Question 29

Define organ

Answer 29

Collection of tissues joined in a structural unit to serve a common function

Question 30

Define organ system

Answer 30

Group of organs that work together to perform one or multiple tasks in which each does a particular jobs in the body

Question 31

Define diffusion

Answer 31

Movement from a high concentration to a low concentration until particles are equally spread

Question 32

Single cellular organised environment

Answer 32

Live in water or moist environments so they can obtain their needs easily from their surroundings directly by diffusion

Question 33

Why can't a multi cellular organise obtain it's needs by diffusion

Answer 33

Have too closely packed cells which makes diffusion very difficult as well as the reduced surface area, plus not all multi cellular organisms live in water or moist environments.

Question 34

What do multi cellular organisms do to obtain their needs

Answer 34

Rely on body systems such as the digestive system to extract the nutrients out of the food eaten and the circulatory system to supply the cells with the nutrients as well as oxygen and blood.

Question 35

What happens if on organ or organ system breaks down and how does it affect other systems

Answer 35

Our organs / organs systems are interdependent. No other organ or system can perform the same role as the one that has broken down which then affects all the other systems in the human body

Question 36

Example 1 of an organ system breaking down and its affect

Answer 36

A punctured lung from a car crash, resulting in the lungs not being able to inflate therefore the body cells may not receive a sufficient amount of oxygen to survive

Question 37

Example 2 of an organ system breaking down and its affect

Answer 37

Breakage in your spinal chord may result in the nerves in your nervous system to sever. Muscles and organs below the breakage may not be able to receive messages from the brain allowing them the no longer function

Question 38

Example 3 of an organ system breaking down and its affect

Answer 38

Endocrine system shuts down resulting in the spike of blood sugar (insulin) resulting in a coma affecting the brain causing it to shut down.