cells

Question 1

cell discovery people

Answer 1

Robert Hooke

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Question 2

(1665)

named cells from looking at once living organisms (cork)

Answer 2

Robert Hooke

Question 3

1673
1st person to observe living cells
made microscopes

Answer 3

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Question 4

cell theory people

Answer 4

Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow

Question 5

cell theory

Answer 5

• all living organisms are made up of one or more cells
• cells are the basic units of structure and function in an organism
• cells come only from the reproduction of existing cells

Question 6

cell function

Answer 6

structure dictates function

Question 7

which is first: prokaryote or eukaryote?

Answer 7

prokaryote

Question 8

• smaller
• have no membrane around organelle (such as nucleus)
• fewer organelles
• lack a nucleolus
• usually has one circular chromosome containing DNA
• reproduce by the process of binary fission

Answer 8

prokaryote

Question 9

example of prokaryote

Answer 9

bacteria

Question 10

• are bigger
• have membranes around their organelles
• contains a nucleolus
• have more chromosomes
• have more organelles
• reproduce by the process of mitosis or meiosis

Answer 10

eukaryote

Question 11

examples of eukaryote

Answer 11

animal or plant cells

Question 12

prokaryote: outermost layer

Answer 12

cell wall

Question 13

prokaryote: just within the cell wall

Answer 13

cell membrane

Question 14

prokaryote: along the surface; help the bacteria stick to surfaces

Answer 14

pilus

Question 15

prokaryote: to move around; two large structures

Answer 15

flagella

Question 16

prokaryote: watery interior of the cell; texture of jello

Answer 16

cytoplasm

Question 17

prokaryote: sprinkled throughout the cell; small roundish structures; make proteins

Answer 17

ribosomes

Question 18

circular structure within cytoplasm

Answer 18

DNA

Question 19

trachea cells

Answer 19

redirect unwanted particles

Question 20

adipose (fat) cell

Answer 20

-storage for extra material (energy)

Question 21

bone cells

Answer 21

-sturdy, support heavy tissue

Question 22

muscle cells

Answer 22

-expand and contract

Question 23

nerve cells

Answer 23

-reach out to other cells to give information

Question 24

connective tissue cells

Answer 24

-join different types of tissue

Question 25

white blood cell

Answer 25

-grab various materials and surround them

Question 26

plant, animal, or both: | endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 26

both

Question 27

``` plant, animal, or both: nuclear envelope (nuclear membrane) ```

Answer 27

both

Question 28

plant, animal, or both: | lysosomes

Answer 28

animal

Question 29

plant, animal, or both: | chloroplasts

Answer 29

plants

Question 30

plant, animal, or both: | cell wall

Answer 30

plants

Question 31

plant, animal, or both: | vacuole

Answer 31

both

Question 32

plant, animal, or both: | golgi apparatus

Answer 32

both

Question 33

plant, animal, or both: | centrioles

Answer 33

animal

Question 34

plant, animal, or both: | cytoplasm

Answer 34

both

Question 35

plant, animal, or both: | nucleus

Answer 35

both

Question 36

plant, animal, or both: | mitochondria

Answer 36

both

Question 37

plant, animal, or both: | cell membrane

Answer 37

both

Question 38

prokaryote

Answer 38

- oldest | - simplest of all the cells

Question 39

vacuole | in which type of cell is bigger and what's its purpose?

Answer 39

plant cell | -holds structure (turgor pressure) and food and water

Question 40

control center of the cell | -stores the heredity information in DNA

Answer 40

nucleus

Question 41

- gathers simple molecules to make more complex molecules | - takes complex molecules and packages them in vesicles and either stores them or sends them out

Answer 41

Golgi apparatus

Question 42

-converts energy from sunlight into cheical energy for the cell

Answer 42

chloroplasts

Question 43

semipermeable- allows certain things in and or out

Answer 43

cell membrane

Question 44

--contain digestive enzymes that break up molecules, old organelles, and foreign substances

Answer 44

lysosomes

Question 45

- -region of the cell between the nucleus and cell membrane | - gello-like and clear

Answer 45

cytoplasm

Question 46

- smooth: makes and transports lipids (fat) | - rough: prepares proteins for export

Answer 46

endoplasmic reticulum

Question 47

-allows certain things in and or out of the nucleus

Answer 47

nuclear envelope

Question 48

-direct the organelles that are involved with cell division where to go

Answer 48

centrioles

Question 49

- protects the cell | - provides structure and support

Answer 49

cell wall

Question 50

-stores enzymes, metabolic, waste, and water

Answer 50

vacuole

Question 51

-transforms energy from organic compounds into ATP (chemical form of energy that the cell can use)

Answer 51

mitochondria